Prostate cancer epithelial mesenchymal transition by TGF-β1 exposure monitored with a photonic crystal biosensor

Melissa Cadena; Frank DeLuna; Kwaku Baryeh; Lu-Zhe Sun; Jing Yong Ye

doi:10.1117/12.2544113

20 February 2020 Prostate cancer epithelial mesenchymal transition by TGF-β1 exposure monitored with a photonic crystal biosensor

Melissa Cadena, Frank DeLuna, Kwaku Baryeh, Lu-Zhe Sun, Jing Yong Ye

Author Affiliations +

Proceedings Volume 11251, Label-free Biomedical Imaging and Sensing (LBIS) 2020; 1125126 (2020) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2544113
Event: SPIE BiOS, 2020, San Francisco, California, United States

Abstract

During prostate cancer progression, cancerous epithelial cells can undergo epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). EMT is a crucial mechanism for the invasion and metastasis of epithelial tumors characterized by the loss of cell-cell adhesion and increased cell mobility. It is associated with biochemical changes such as epithelial cell markers Ecadherin and occludins being down-regulated, and mesenchymal markers vimentin and N-cadherin being upregulated. These changes in protein expression, specifically in the cell membrane, may be monitored via biophysical principles, such as changes in the refractive index (RI) of the cell membrane. In our previous research, we demonstrated the feasibility of using cellular RI as a unique contrast parameter to accomplish label-free detection of prostate cancer cells. In this paper, we report the use of our Photonic-Crystal biosensor in a Total-Internal-Reflection (PC-TIR) configuration to construct a label-free biosensing system, which allows for ultra-sensitive quantification of the changes in cellular RI due to EMT. We induced prostate cancer cells to undergo EMT by exposing these cells to soluble Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1 (TGF-β1). The biophysical characteristics of the cellular RI were quantified extensively in comparison to non-induced cancer cells. Our study shows promising clinical potential in utilizing the PC-TIR biosensing system not only to detect prostate cancer cells, but also to evaluate changes in prostate cancer cells due to EMT.

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Melissa Cadena, Frank DeLuna, Kwaku Baryeh, Lu-Zhe Sun, and Jing Yong Ye "Prostate cancer epithelial mesenchymal transition by TGF-β1 exposure monitored with a photonic crystal biosensor", Proc. SPIE 11251, Label-free Biomedical Imaging and Sensing (LBIS) 2020, 1125126 (20 February 2020); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2544113

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KEYWORDS

Prostate cancer

Biosensors

Proteins

Photonic crystals

Refractive index

Sensors

Biosensing

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