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Metal nanoparticles and their plasmon excitation have been used to enhance spectroscopic transitions and chemistry on
metal nanoparticle surfaces. The size and shape of the enhancement area around the nanoparticles is dependant on the
size, shape, dielectric constant of the matrix and the metal. We have recently reported on the use of plasmon excitation
to induce acrylic polymerization on the surface of silver nanoparticles and have made ~10 nm polymer features far
below the diffraction limit using visible LED irradiation. The acrylic polymerization takes advantage of plasmon
enhanced excitation of azo photoinitiators in the vicinity of nanoparticles, causing cross-linking only in the enhancement
region. The formation of a cross-linked polymer on the surface of the particles causes a solubility switch, where the
regions unaffected by irradiation remain soluble and can be selectively washed away leaving behind the AgNP with a
polymer coating.
Plasmon excitation also generates a large local temperature gradients on the surface of nanoparticles and a measureable
macroscopically amount of heat. The heat generated near the surface of particles can also be used to induce thermal
processes with high spatial control. This spatial and temporal control over localized heating can also be used to initiate
chemistry on the surface of particles relevant to the next generation of photolithography.
Kevin G. Stamplecoskie andJuan C. Scaiano
"Plasmon mediated polymerization on the surface of silver nanoparticles for advancements in photolithographic patterning", Proc. SPIE 8325, Advances in Resist Materials and Processing Technology XXIX, 832527 (19 March 2012); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.916488
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Kevin G. Stamplecoskie, Juan C. Scaiano, "Plasmon mediated polymerization on the surface of silver nanoparticles for advancements in photolithographic patterning," Proc. SPIE 8325, Advances in Resist Materials and Processing Technology XXIX, 832527 (19 March 2012); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.916488