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Neural tube closure, or neurulation, has been studied across a range of vertebrates as it is the basis of embryonic development. Closure failure can lead to severe congenital malformations. Current technologies require fixed specimens and physical contact to extract a modulus. Here we investigate the mechanical changes of the neural plate from formation to closure within intact live chick embryos using time-lapse Brillouin imaging and ex-ovo culture. We observed an increase in the Brillouin modulus of the neural plate as the embryo develops in ex-ovo culture. By quantifying the timing and the extent of the forces that drive neural tube closure, we can more accurately identify when and why neural tube defects occur.
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