Volume 29 Issue S1 | Journal of Biomedical Optics

Journal of Biomedical Optics

VOL. 29 · NO. S1 | January 2024

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Special Issue Honoring Lihong V. Wang, Pioneer in Biomedical Optics (30)

Errata (1)

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Special Issue Honoring Lihong V. Wang, Pioneer in Biomedical Optics

Honoring Lihong V. Wang, a pioneer in biomedical optics

Steven Jacques

Journal of Biomedical Optics, Vol. 29, Issue S1, S11501, (December 2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JBO.29.S1.S11501

Open Access

TOPICS: Biomedical optics, Tissues, Ultrasonography, Pulsed laser operation, Lymph nodes, Engineering, Polarized light, Photon transport, Photoacoustic tomography, Photoacoustic spectroscopy

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Physically informed Monte Carlo simulation of dual-wedge prism-based spectroscopic single-molecule localization microscopy

Wei-Hong Yeo, Cheng Sun, Hao F. Zhang

Journal of Biomedical Optics, Vol. 29, Issue S1, S11502, (October 2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JBO.29.S1.S11502

Open Access

TOPICS: Photons, Monte Carlo methods, Microspheres, Dispersion, Biological imaging, Fluorophores, Electron multiplying charge coupled devices, Sun, Image processing, Spectroscopy

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Review of low-cost light sources and miniaturized designs in photoacoustic microscopy

Bingxin Huang, Terence T. Wong

Journal of Biomedical Optics, Vol. 29, Issue S1, S11503, (October 2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JBO.29.S1.S11503

Open Access

TOPICS: Miniaturization, Imaging systems, In vivo imaging, Ear, Light sources, Biological imaging, Signal to noise ratio, Microelectromechanical systems, Biomedical optics, Signal detection

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Quantitative classification of melasma with photoacoustic microscopy: a pilot study

Zhiyang Wang, Yuying Chen, Shu Pan, Wuyu Zhang, Ziwei Guo, Yuzhi Wang, Sihua Yang

Journal of Biomedical Optics, Vol. 29, Issue S1, S11504, (November 2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JBO.29.S1.S11504

Open Access

TOPICS: Skin, Blood vessels, Tissue optics, Photoacoustic spectroscopy, Lamps, Image segmentation, Photoacoustic microscopy, 3D image processing, Biological imaging, Diagnostics

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Deep learning in vivo catheter tip locations for photoacoustic-guided cardiac interventions

Mardava Gubbi, Fabrizio Assis, Jonathan Chrispin, Muyinatu Lediju Bell

Journal of Biomedical Optics, Vol. 29, Issue S1, S11505, (November 2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JBO.29.S1.S11505

Open Access

TOPICS: In vivo imaging, Heart, Histograms, Photoacoustic spectroscopy, Transducers, Computer simulations, Phased arrays, Data processing, Education and training, Deep learning

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Significance

Interventional cardiac procedures often require ionizing radiation to guide cardiac catheters to the heart. To reduce the associated risks of ionizing radiation, photoacoustic imaging can potentially be combined with robotic visual servoing, with initial demonstrations requiring segmentation of catheter tips. However, typical segmentation algorithms applied to conventional image formation methods are susceptible to problematic reflection artifacts, which compromise the required detectability and localization of the catheter tip.

Aim

We describe a convolutional neural network and the associated customizations required to successfully detect and localize in vivo photoacoustic signals from a catheter tip received by a phased array transducer, which is a common transducer for transthoracic cardiac imaging applications.

Approach

We trained a network with simulated photoacoustic channel data to identify point sources, which appropriately model photoacoustic signals from the tip of an optical fiber inserted in a cardiac catheter. The network was validated with an independent simulated dataset, then tested on data from the tips of cardiac catheters housing optical fibers and inserted into ex vivo and in vivo swine hearts.

Results

When validated with simulated data, the network achieved an F1 score of 98.3% and Euclidean errors (mean ± one standard deviation) of 1.02 ± 0.84 mm for target depths of 20 to 100 mm. When tested on ex vivo and in vivo data, the network achieved F1 scores as large as 100.0%. In addition, for target depths of 40 to 90 mm in the ex vivo and in vivo data, up to 86.7% of axial and 100.0% of lateral position errors were lower than the axial and lateral resolution, respectively, of the phased array transducer.

Conclusions

These results demonstrate the promise of the proposed method to identify photoacoustic sources in future interventional cardiology and cardiac electrophysiology applications.

Effects of skin tone on photoacoustic imaging and oximetry

Thomas R. Else, Lina Hacker, Janek Gröhl, Ellie V. Bunce, Ran Tao, Sarah E. Bohndiek

Journal of Biomedical Optics, Vol. 29, Issue S1, S11506, (December 2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JBO.29.S1.S11506

Open Access

TOPICS: Skin, Blood, Photoacoustic spectroscopy, Oxygenation, Monte Carlo methods, Tissue optics, Photoacoustic imaging, Oximetry, Image restoration, Reflectivity

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Significance

Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) provides contrast based on the concentration of optical absorbers in tissue, enabling the assessment of functional physiological parameters such as blood oxygen saturation (sO2). Recent evidence suggests that variation in melanin levels in the epidermis leads to measurement biases in optical technologies, which could potentially limit the application of these biomarkers in diverse populations.

Aim

To examine the effects of skin melanin pigmentation on PAI and oximetry.

Approach

We evaluated the effects of skin tone in PAI using a computational skin model, two-layer melanin-containing tissue-mimicking phantoms, and mice of a consistent genetic background with varying pigmentations. The computational skin model was validated by simulating the diffuse reflectance spectrum using the adding-doubling method, allowing us to assign our simulation parameters to approximate Fitzpatrick skin types. Monte Carlo simulations and acoustic simulations were run to obtain idealized photoacoustic images of our skin model. Photoacoustic images of the phantoms and mice were acquired using a commercial instrument. Reconstructed images were processed with linear spectral unmixing to estimate blood oxygenation. Linear unmixing results were compared with a learned unmixing approach based on gradient-boosted regression.

Results

Our computational skin model was consistent with representative literature for in vivo skin reflectance measurements. We observed consistent spectral coloring effects across all model systems, with an overestimation of sO2 and more image artifacts observed with increasing melanin concentration. The learned unmixing approach reduced the measurement bias, but predictions made at lower blood sO2 still suffered from a skin tone-dependent effect.

Conclusion

PAI demonstrates measurement bias, including an overestimation of blood sO2, in higher Fitzpatrick skin types. Future research should aim to characterize this effect in humans to ensure equitable application of the technology.

Wavefront shaping improves the transparency of the scattering media: a review

Chunxu Ding, Rongjun Shao, Qiaozhi He, Lei S. Li, Jiamiao Yang

Journal of Biomedical Optics, Vol. 29, Issue S1, S11507, (December 2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JBO.29.S1.S11507

Open Access

TOPICS: Light scattering, Biomedical optics, Wavefronts, Scattering, Scattering media, Transparency, Modulation, Tissues, Speckle, Endoscopy

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Rapid inverse radiative transfer solver for multiparameter spectrophotometry without integrating sphere

Jiahong Jin, Zachary D. Jones, Jun Q. Lu, Xin-Hua Hu

Journal of Biomedical Optics, Vol. 29, Issue S1, S11508, (January 2024) https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JBO.29.S1.S11508

Open Access

TOPICS: Simulations, Particle swarm optimization, Spectrophotometry, Photons, Integrating spheres, Turbidity, Radiative transfer, Particles, Algorithm development, Signal detection

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Quantitative photoacoustic tomography: modeling and inverse problems

Tanja Tarvainen, Ben Cox

Journal of Biomedical Optics, Vol. 29, Issue S1, S11509, (December 2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JBO.29.S1.S11509

Open Access

TOPICS: Inverse optics, Inverse problems, Acoustics, Modeling, Scattering, Photoacoustic spectroscopy, Photoacoustic tomography, Geometrical optics, Tissues, Photons

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X-ray-induced acoustic computed tomography and its applications in biomedicine

Yuchen Yan, Shawn (Liangzhong) Xiang

Journal of Biomedical Optics, Vol. 29, Issue S1, S11510, (December 2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JBO.29.S1.S11510

Open Access

TOPICS: X-rays, Radiotherapy, X-ray imaging, Acoustics, Biomedical applications, X-ray computed tomography, Biomedical optics, Biological imaging, Reconstruction algorithms, 3D image processing

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Large-field-of-view optical-resolution optoacoustic microscopy using a stationary silicon-photonics acoustic detector

Tamar Harary, Michael Nagli, Nathan Suleymanov, Ilya Goykhman, Amir Rosenthal

Journal of Biomedical Optics, Vol. 29, Issue S1, S11511, (January 2024) https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JBO.29.S1.S11511

Open Access

TOPICS: Acoustics, Sensors, Optoacoustics, Imaging systems, Microscopy, Biomedical optics, Light sources and illumination, Image resolution, Adaptive optics, Signal detection

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Performance enhancement in wavefront shaping of multiply scattered light: a review

Huanhao Li, Zhipeng Yu, Tianting Zhong, Puxiang Lai

Journal of Biomedical Optics, Vol. 29, Issue S1, S11512, (December 2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JBO.29.S1.S11512

Open Access

TOPICS: Wavefronts, Spatial light modulators, Modulation, Tissue optics, Mathematical optimization, Scattered light, Phase shift keying, Tissues, Optical proximity correction, Digital micromirror devices

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Photoacoustic imaging plus X: a review

Daohuai Jiang, Luyao Zhu, Shangqing Tong, Yuting Shen, Feng Gao, Fei Gao

Journal of Biomedical Optics, Vol. 29, Issue S1, S11513, (December 2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JBO.29.S1.S11513

Open Access

TOPICS: Imaging systems, Ultrasonography, Sensors, Biomedical optics, Photoacoustic imaging, Tissues, Biological imaging, Biomedical applications, Image restoration, Deep learning

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Significance

Photoacoustic (PA) imaging (PAI) represents an emerging modality within the realm of biomedical imaging technology. It seamlessly blends the wealth of optical contrast with the remarkable depth of penetration offered by ultrasound. These distinctive features of PAI hold tremendous potential for various applications, including early cancer detection, functional imaging, hybrid imaging, monitoring ablation therapy, and providing guidance during surgical procedures. The synergy between PAI and other cutting-edge technologies not only enhances its capabilities but also propels it toward broader clinical applicability.

Aim

The integration of PAI with advanced technology for PA signal detection, signal processing, image reconstruction, hybrid imaging, and clinical applications has significantly bolstered the capabilities of PAI. This review endeavor contributes to a deeper comprehension of how the synergy between PAI and other advanced technologies can lead to improved applications.

Approach

An examination of the evolving research frontiers in PAI, integrated with other advanced technologies, reveals six key categories named “PAI plus X.” These categories encompass a range of topics, including but not limited to PAI plus treatment, PAI plus circuits design, PAI plus accurate positioning system, PAI plus fast scanning systems, PAI plus ultrasound sensors, PAI plus advanced laser sources, PAI plus deep learning, and PAI plus other imaging modalities.

Results

After conducting a comprehensive review of the existing literature and research on PAI integrated with other technologies, various proposals have emerged to advance the development of PAI plus X. These proposals aim to enhance system hardware, improve imaging quality, and address clinical challenges effectively.

Conclusions

The progression of innovative and sophisticated approaches within each category of PAI plus X is positioned to drive significant advancements in both the development of PAI technology and its clinical applications. Furthermore, PAI not only has the potential to integrate with the above-mentioned technologies but also to broaden its applications even further.

Scaling down the dimensions of a Fabry–Perot polymer film acoustic sensor for photoacoustic endoscopy

Tong Li, Tse-Shao Chang, Ahmad Shirazi, Xiaoli Wu, Wei-Kuan Lin, Ruoliu Zhang, Jay L. Guo, Kenn R. Oldham, Thomas D. Wang

Journal of Biomedical Optics, Vol. 29, Issue S1, S11514, (January 2024) https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JBO.29.S1.S11514

Open Access

TOPICS: Sensors, Film thickness, Glasses, Analytic models, Tunable filters, Reflection, Acoustic waves, Acoustics, Polymers, Polymeric sensors

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Automated three-dimensional image registration for longitudinal photoacoustic imaging

Bruno De Santi, Lucia Kim, Rianne F. G. Bulthuis, Felix Lucka, Srirang Manohar

Journal of Biomedical Optics, Vol. 29, Issue S1, S11515, (January 2024) https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JBO.29.S1.S11515

Open Access

TOPICS: Image registration, Breast, Acquisition tracking and pointing, 3D image processing, Deformation, Biological imaging, Neural networks, Education and training, Tunable filters, Imaging systems

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Significance

Photoacoustic tomography (PAT) has great potential in monitoring disease progression and treatment response in breast cancer. However, due to variations in breast repositioning, there is a chance of geometric misalignment between images. Further, poor repositioning can affect light fluence distribution and imaging field-of-view, making images different from one another. The net effect is that it becomes challenging to distinguish between image changes due to repositioning effects and those due to true biological variations.

Aim

The aim is to develop a three-dimensional image registration framework for geometrically aligning repeated PAT volumetric images, which are potentially affected by repositioning effects such as misalignment, changed radiant exposure conditions, and different fields-of-view.

Approach

The proposed framework involves the use of a coordinate-based neural network to represent the displacement field between pairs of PAT volumetric images. A loss function based on normalized cross correlation and Frangi vesselness feature extraction at multiple scales was implemented. We refer to our image registration framework as MUVINN-reg, which stands for multiscale vesselness-based image registration using neural networks. The approach was tested on a longitudinal dataset of healthy volunteer breast PAT images acquired with the hybrid photoacoustic-ultrasound Photoacoustic Mammoscope 3 imaging system. The registration performance was also tested under unfavorable repositioning conditions such as intentional mispositioning, and variation in breast-supporting cup size between measurements.

Results

A total of 13 pairs of repeated PAT scans were included in this study. MUVINN-reg showed excellent performance in co-registering each pair of images. The proposed framework was shown to be robust to image intensity shifts and field-of-view changes. Furthermore, MUVINN-reg could align vessels at imaging depths greater than 4 cm.

Conclusions

The proposed framework will enable the use of PAT for quantitative and reproducible monitoring of disease progression and treatment response.

Spatiotemporal image reconstruction to enable high-frame-rate dynamic photoacoustic tomography with rotating-gantry volumetric imagers

Refik Mert Cam, Chao Wang, Weylan Thompson, Sergey A. Ermilov, Mark A. Anastasio, Umberto Villa

Journal of Biomedical Optics, Vol. 29, Issue S1, S11516, (January 2024) https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JBO.29.S1.S11516

Open Access

TOPICS: Image restoration, Tomography, Photoacoustic tomography, Imaging systems, Transducers, Data acquisition, Biomedical optics, Matrices, Image processing, Video

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Significance

Dynamic photoacoustic computed tomography (PACT) is a valuable imaging technique for monitoring physiological processes. However, current dynamic PACT imaging techniques are often limited to two-dimensional spatial imaging. Although volumetric PACT imagers are commercially available, these systems typically employ a rotating measurement gantry in which the tomographic data are sequentially acquired as opposed to being acquired simultaneously at all views. Because the dynamic object varies during the data-acquisition process, the sequential data-acquisition process poses substantial challenges to image reconstruction associated with data incompleteness. The proposed image reconstruction method is highly significant in that it will address these challenges and enable volumetric dynamic PACT imaging with existing preclinical imagers.

Aim

The aim of this study is to develop a spatiotemporal image reconstruction (STIR) method for dynamic PACT that can be applied to commercially available volumetric PACT imagers that employ a sequential scanning strategy. The proposed reconstruction method aims to overcome the challenges caused by the limited number of tomographic measurements acquired per frame.

Approach

A low-rank matrix estimation-based STIR (LRME-STIR) method is proposed to enable dynamic volumetric PACT. The LRME-STIR method leverages the spatiotemporal redundancies in the dynamic object to accurately reconstruct a four-dimensional (4D) spatiotemporal image.

Results

The conducted numerical studies substantiate the LRME-STIR method’s efficacy in reconstructing 4D dynamic images from tomographic measurements acquired with a rotating measurement gantry. The experimental study demonstrates the method’s ability to faithfully recover the flow of a contrast agent with a frame rate of 10 frames per second, even when only a single tomographic measurement per frame is available.

Conclusions

The proposed LRME-STIR method offers a promising solution to the challenges faced by enabling 4D dynamic imaging using commercially available volumetric PACT imagers. By enabling accurate STIRs, this method has the potential to significantly advance preclinical research and facilitate the monitoring of critical physiological biomarkers.

Acoustic resolution photoacoustic Doppler flowmetry for assessment of patient rectal cancer blood perfusion

Sitai Kou, Xiandong Leng, Hongbo Luo, Haolin Nie, Quing Zhu

Journal of Biomedical Optics, Vol. 29, Issue S1, S11517, (January 2024) https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JBO.29.S1.S11517

Open Access

TOPICS: Doppler effect, Tissues, Cancer, Photoacoustic spectroscopy, Tumors, In vivo imaging, Acoustics, Blood, Oncology, Signal processing

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Photoacoustic imaging for cutaneous melanoma assessment: a comprehensive review

Joseph W. Fakhoury, Juliana Benavides Lara, Rayyan Manwar, Mohsin Zafar, Qiuyun Xu, Ricardo Engel, Maria M. Tsoukas, Steven Daveluy, Darius Mehregan, Kamran Avanaki

Journal of Biomedical Optics, Vol. 29, Issue S1, S11518, (January 2024) https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JBO.29.S1.S11518

Open Access

TOPICS: Melanoma, Cancer detection, Tumors, Lymph nodes, Photoacoustic imaging, In vivo imaging, Acquisition tracking and pointing, Lawrencium, Imaging systems, Signal detection

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Significance

Cutaneous melanoma (CM) has a high morbidity and mortality rate, but it can be cured if the primary lesion is detected and treated at an early stage. Imaging techniques such as photoacoustic (PA) imaging (PAI) have been studied and implemented to aid in the detection and diagnosis of CM.

Aim

Provide an overview of different PAI systems and applications for the study of CM, including the determination of tumor depth/thickness, cancer-related angiogenesis, metastases to lymph nodes, circulating tumor cells (CTCs), virtual histology, and studies using exogenous contrast agents.

Approach

A systematic review and classification of different PAI configurations was conducted based on their specific applications for melanoma detection. This review encompasses animal and preclinical studies, offering insights into the future potential of PAI in melanoma diagnosis in the clinic.

Results

PAI holds great clinical potential as a noninvasive technique for melanoma detection and disease management. PA microscopy has predominantly been used to image and study angiogenesis surrounding tumors and provide information on tumor characteristics. Additionally, PA tomography, with its increased penetration depth, has demonstrated its ability to assess melanoma thickness. Both modalities have shown promise in detecting metastases to lymph nodes and CTCs, and an all-optical implementation has been developed to perform virtual histology analyses. Animal and human studies have successfully shown the capability of PAI to detect, visualize, classify, and stage CM.

Conclusions

PAI is a promising technique for assessing the status of the skin without a surgical procedure. The capability of the modality to image microvasculature, visualize tumor boundaries, detect metastases in lymph nodes, perform fast and label-free histology, and identify CTCs could aid in the early diagnosis and classification of CM, including determination of metastatic status. In addition, it could be useful for monitoring treatment efficacy noninvasively.

Photoacoustic imaging of peripheral vessels in extremities by large-scale synthetic matrix array

Shuang Li, Guangjie Zhang, Yibing Wang, Wenzhao Li, Yu Sun, Changhui Li

Journal of Biomedical Optics, Vol. 29, Issue S1, S11519, (January 2024) https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JBO.29.S1.S11519

Open Access

TOPICS: Imaging systems, Imaging arrays, Matrices, Photoacoustic imaging, 3D image processing, Stereoscopy, Light sources and illumination, Vascular imaging, Vascular diseases, Image restoration

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Intravital photoacoustic brain stimulation with high-precision

Guangxing Wang, Yuying Zhou, Chunhui Yu, Qiong Yang, Lin Chen, Shuting Ling, Pengyu Chen, Jiwei Xing, Huiling Wu, Qingliang Zhao

Journal of Biomedical Optics, Vol. 29, Issue S1, S11520, (February 2024) https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JBO.29.S1.S11520

Open Access

TOPICS: Photoacoustic spectroscopy, Brain stimulation, Neurons, Ultrasonography, Brain, Acoustic waves, Light absorption, Spatial resolution, Neuroscience, Calcium

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Sounding out the dynamics: a concise review of high-speed photoacoustic microscopy

Soon-Woo Cho, Van Tu Nguyen, Anthony DiSpirito, Joseph Yang, Chang-Seok Kim, Junjie Yao

Journal of Biomedical Optics, Vol. 29, Issue S1, S11521, (February 2024) https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JBO.29.S1.S11521

Open Access

TOPICS: Fiber lasers, Biomedical optics, Deep learning, Imaging systems, Signal detection, Microelectromechanical systems, Scanners, Pulsed laser operation, Galvanometers, Polygon scanners

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Mini review of photoacoustic clinical imaging: a noninvasive tool for disease diagnosis and treatment evaluation

Huazhen Liu, Ming Wang, Fei Ji, Yuxin Jiang, Meng Yang

Journal of Biomedical Optics, Vol. 29, Issue S1, S11522, (January 2024) https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JBO.29.S1.S11522

Open Access

TOPICS: Tumors, Imaging systems, Diseases and disorders, Biological imaging, Vascular diseases, Thyroid, Photoacoustic imaging, Breast, Biomedical optics, Photoacoustic spectroscopy

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Optical ultrasound sensors for photoacoustic imaging: a review

Liying Zhu, Hongming Cao, Jun Ma, Lidai Wang

Journal of Biomedical Optics, Vol. 29, Issue S1, S11523, (February 2024) https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JBO.29.S1.S11523

Open Access

TOPICS: Sensors, Ultrasonography, Biomedical optics, Signal detection, Fiber lasers, Photoacoustic imaging, Ultrasound transducers, Image sensors, Imaging systems, Acoustics

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Tutorial on compressed ultrafast photography

Yingming Lai, Miguel Marquez, Jinyang Liang

Journal of Biomedical Optics, Vol. 29, Issue S1, S11524, (January 2024) https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JBO.29.S1.S11524

Open Access

TOPICS: Image restoration, Matrices, Ultrafast phenomena, Photography, Ultrafast imaging, Computer programming, Reconstruction algorithms, Imaging systems, Biomedical optics, Sensors

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Photoacoustic/ultrasound dual-modality imaging for marker clip localization in neoadjuvant chemotherapy of breast cancer

Handi Deng, Yizhou Bai, Jiaxuan Xiang, Zhaoyue Li, Peiliang Zhao, Yawen Shi, Wubing Fu, Yuwen Chen, Minggang Fu, Cheng Ma, Bin Luo

Journal of Biomedical Optics, Vol. 29, Issue S1, S11525, (February 2024) https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JBO.29.S1.S11525

Open Access

TOPICS: Biological imaging, Imaging systems, Biomedical optics, Tumors, Breast, Photoacoustic imaging, Lymph nodes, Mammography, Surgery, Tissues

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Theoretical and experimental study of attenuation in cancellous bone

Wenyi Xu, Weiya Xie, Dong Yu, Haohan Sun, Ying Gu, Xingliang Tao, Menglu Qian, Liming Cheng, Hao Wang, Qian Cheng

Journal of Biomedical Optics, Vol. 29, Issue S1, S11526, (March 2024) https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JBO.29.S1.S11526

Open Access

TOPICS: Bone, Signal attenuation, Porosity, Acoustic waves, Transducers, Osteoporosis, Acoustics, Solids, Tissues, Numerical simulations

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Photoacoustic microscopy for real-time monitoring of near-infrared optical absorbers inside biological tissue

Takeshi Hirasawa, Kazuyoshi Tachi, Tomohiro Ishikawa, Manami Miyashita, Keiichi Ito, Miya Ishihara

Journal of Biomedical Optics, Vol. 29, Issue S1, S11527, (March 2024) https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JBO.29.S1.S11527

Open Access

TOPICS: Tumors, Cancer detection, Blood, Biological samples, In vivo imaging, Near infrared, Biomedical optics, Light sources, Signal intensity, Photoacoustic microscopy

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Video-rate endocavity photoacoustic/harmonic ultrasound imaging with miniaturized light delivery

Donghyeon Oh, Hyunhee Kim, Minsik Sung, Chulhong Kim

Journal of Biomedical Optics, Vol. 29, Issue S1, S11528, (March 2024) https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JBO.29.S1.S11528

Open Access

TOPICS: Ultrasonography, Imaging systems, Veins, Biological imaging, Multispectral imaging, Tissues, Ovary, Arteries, Dyes, Spatial resolution

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Significance

Endocavity ultrasound (US) imaging is a frequently employed diagnostic technique in gynecology and urology for the assessment of male and female genital diseases that present challenges for conventional transabdominal imaging. The integration of photoacoustic (PA) imaging with clinical US imaging has displayed promising outcomes in clinical research. Nonetheless, its application has been constrained due to size limitations, restricting it to spatially confined locations such as vaginal or rectal canals.

Aim

This study presents the development of a video-rate (20 Hz) endocavity PA/harmonic US imaging (EPAUSI) system.

Approach

The approach incorporates a commercially available endocavity US probe with a miniaturized laser delivery unit, comprised of a single large-core fiber and a line beamshaping engineered diffuser. The system facilitates real-time image display and subsequent processing, including angular energy density correction and spectral unmixing, in offline mode.

Results

The spatial resolutions of the concurrently acquired PA and harmonic US images were measured at 318 μm and 291 μm in the radial direction, respectively, and 1.22 deg and 1.50 deg in the angular direction, respectively. Furthermore, the system demonstrated its capability in multispectral PA imaging by successfully distinguishing two clinical dyes in a tissue-mimicking phantom. Its rapid temporal resolution enabled the capture of kinetic dye perfusion into an ex vivo porcine ovary through the depth of porcine uterine tissue. EPAUSI proved its clinical viability by detecting pulsating hemodynamics in the male rat’s prostate in vivo and accurately classifying human blood vessels into arteries and veins based on sO2 measurements.

Conclusions

Our proposed EPAUSI system holds the potential to unveil previously overlooked indicators of vascular alterations in genital cancers or endometriosis, addressing pressing requirements in the fields of gynecology and urology.

Design, implementation, and analysis of a compressed sensing photoacoustic projection imaging system

Markus Haltmeier, Matthias Ye, Karoline Felbermayer, Florian Hinterleitner, Peter Burgholzer

Journal of Biomedical Optics, Vol. 29, Issue S1, S11529, (April 2024) https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JBO.29.S1.S11529

Open Access

TOPICS: Matrices, Design, Sensors, Image restoration, Compressed sensing, Biological research, Imaging systems, Signal detection, Photoacoustic spectroscopy, Transform theory

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Influence mechanism of the temporal duration of laser irradiation on photoacoustic technique: a review

Rongkang Gao, Yan Liu, Sumin Qi, Liang Song, Jing Meng, Chengbo Liu

Journal of Biomedical Optics, Vol. 29, Issue S1, S11530, (April 2024) https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JBO.29.S1.S11530

Open Access

TOPICS: Pulse signals, Pulsed laser operation, Laser frequency, Biomedical optics, Absorption, Acoustic waves, Thermography, Image resolution, Signal detection, Acoustics

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Errata

Wavefront shaping improves the transparency of the scattering media: a review (Publisher’s Note)

Chunxu Ding, Rongjun Shao, Qiaozhi He, Lei S. Li, Jiamiao Yang

Journal of Biomedical Optics, Vol. 29, Issue S1, S19801, (February 2024) https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JBO.29.S1.S19801

Open Access

TOPICS: Wavefronts, Transparency, Scattering media, Wavefront errors, Oceanography, Lithium, Electrical engineering, Computer engineering

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