The Square Kilometre Array is a global research infrastructure project to construct and operate a radio telescope observatory of unprecedented scale. The first stage of the project’s implementation (SKA1) has concluded its design phase and is about to begin construction in 2021. Composed of two interferometric arrays covering a frequency range of 50-350 MHz in Australia (SKA-LOW) and 350 MHz to 15.4 GHz in South Africa (SKA-MID), the observatory provides sensitivity and resolution which advance the currently available research infrastructure capabilities across a range of scientific frontiers. We describe the design development process for the SKA1, the antenna design and specifications, and the current construction planning and schedule.
KEYWORDS: Telescopes, Pulsars, Signal processing, Antennas, Data processing, Space telescopes, Control systems, Calibration, Observatories, Data archive systems
This paper will describe the progress of the SKA-1 Telescope during the period from Preliminary Design Review to Critical Design Review. In addition to this, it will provide information on the management of the project with respect to managing cost and scope whilst working within a fixed cost cap. The paper will consider the balance between the technical choices made with the risk of delivering a large, distributed observatory across several continents. In addition, it will consider the challenges of carrying this out whilst developing the organisation towards an Inter-Governmental Organisation. It will consider, briefly, the key management tools used and the lessons learned.
During the last year a modified baseline design for the E-ELT has been developed. The aim of this revision was both to
achieve a significant cost saving and to reduce risk on major items. The primary mirror diameter was slightly reduced to
39 m and the total height of the telescope also decreased accordingly. This paper describes the work performed by ESO
and a variety of contractors to review the EELT design to match the modified baseline. Detailed design and construction
planning, as well as detailed cost estimates were updated for the 39-metre baseline design. In June 2011, ESO Council
formally endorsed this modified design as the E-ELT revised baseline.
The design drivers and balancing cost factors will be described along with the risk reduction measures taken during this
phase. This will culminate in the design which has been agreed as being ready to move forward to construction once
approval from ESO Council has been achieved.
VISTA is a 4-m wide field survey telescope with a near infra-red camera and a demanding f/1 primary design now well into its manufacturing phase. We contracted out major items, and generated a coordinated approach to the management of engineering budgets through systems engineering, risks through risk management, and safety through the generation of safety cases. Control of the interfaces and science requirements has been maintained and developed through the current phase. The project is developing the commissioning plan to deliver an effective and safe facility. The current status of VISTA is presented as we move towards the on site integration phase.
The Visible and Infrared Survey Telescope for Astronomy (VISTA) project started in 2000 following a Joint Infrastructure Fund award to a consortium of 18 Universities within the UK. The UK ATC was contracted to manage the project of developing and building the VISTA facility. VISTA is planned to be a 4-m class telescope with the ability to mount both a visible and infra-red cameras, not concurrently. The design has an F/1 primary resulting in some demanding design issues. The project has now entered its detailed design and manufacturing phase. As we have contracted out major items a coordinated approach to the management of budgets, through systems engineering, risks, through risk management, and safety, through the generation of safety cases, had to be generated. These have been developed through the current phase, and control of the interfaces and science requirements has been maintained. The project is further developing the systems engineering and safety management to generate the commissioning plan and the overall safety case. The plan to deliver an effective and safe survey facility to ESO is being maintained.
The Visible and Infrared Survey Telescope for Astronomy (VISTA) project started in 2000 following a Joint Infrastructure Fund award (JIF) to a consortium of 18 UK Universities . The JIF proposal was for a 4 metre class telescope with the ability to mount a visible and an infrared wide field camera.
The UK Astronomy Technology Centre successfully tendered for the management of the project of developing and building the telescope in two phases. The initial phase was intended to review the proposed design and carry out a conceptual study. The second phase being the development, manufacture and commissioning of this design.
As a result of the first phase, a conceptual design based on an f/1 primary mirror telescope and cold baffle IR camera has been developed. The IR Camera focal plane has been sized to accommodate sixteen 2k × 2k IR detectors, putting VISTA at the forefront of IR Survey Astronomy.
The project team have developed this conceptual design into formal ITT's to allow the design and manufacture to commence. The telescope will be sited at the ESO Observatory in Paranal and is due for completion in 2006.
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