We present a method to diagnose integral parameters of the upper atmosphere thin structure based on the measured fluctuations of trajectory characteristics of the signals from short-wavelength radio beacons operating in the oblique sounding mode. The method is based on the derived functional relations that relate the second statistical moments of the phase and group delay of the signal with the spatial correlation function of fluctuations in the dielectric permittivity of the atmosphere. As a model of the thin structure of the medium, we use the concept of a varying correlation ellipsoid that is self-consistent with the spatial variations of the regular atmosphere. The results of numerical experiments are presented to determine the expected phase fluctuations and the group delay of decameter signals on single-hop tracks by using the calculated integral parameters of the fine structure of the upper atmosphere.
The operational numerical-analytical modeling method is proposed to analyze the data of the upper atmosphere’s multifrequency Doppler sounding. On the basis of perturbation theory, the system of first-order differential equations is obtained for the joint calculation of the second statistical moments of the Doppler frequency shift and the average trajectory characteristics of the radio signal reflected from the atmosphere at different operating frequencies of sounding. As a model of random irregularities of the medium, we use the concept of the dielectric constant’s effective spatial-temporal correlation ellipsoid, which is self-consistent with the spatial changes in the middle atmosphere. Irregularities’ time fluctuations are taken into account within the framework of the hypothesis of frozen transport. The developed computing apparatus makes it possible to estimate the frequency fluctuations of the atmospheric radio signal in undisturbed and disturbed geophysical conditions. The results of numerical-analytical modeling of the root-mean-square deviations of decameter radio signals’ Doppler frequency shift during sounding of a randomly inhomogeneous upper atmosphere with different height profiles of dielectric constant are presented.
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