As optical image becomes more and more important in adaptive optics area, and adaptive optical telescopes play a more and more important role in the detection system on the ground, and the images we get are so many that we need find a suitable method to choose good quality images automatically in order to save human power, people pay more and more attention in image’s evaluation methods and their characteristics. According to different image degradation model, the applicability of different image’s quality evaluation method will be different. Researchers have paid most attention in how to improve or build new method to evaluate degraded images. Now we should change our way to take some research in the models of degradation of images, the reasons of image degradation, and the relations among different degraded images and different image quality evaluation methods. In this paper, we build models of even noise and pulse noise based on their definition and get degraded images using these models, and we take research in six kinds of usual image quality evaluation methods such as square error method, sum of multi-power of grey scale method, entropy method, Fisher function method, Sobel method, and sum of grads method, and we make computer software for these methods to use easily to evaluate all kinds of images input. Then we evaluate the images’ qualities with different evaluation methods and analyze the results of six kinds of methods, and finally we get many important results. Such as the characteristics of every method for evaluating qualities of degraded images of even noise, the characteristics of every method for evaluating qualities of degraded images of pulse noise, and the best method to evaluate images which affected by tow kinds of noise both and the characteristics of this method. These results are important to image’s choosing automatically, and this will help we to manage the images we get through adaptive optical telescopes base on the ground.
The electro-holographic optical switch based on the quadratic electro-optic effect in paraelectric photorefractive crystals
requires driving signal of fast pulse. The pulse rise/fall time and voltage are 10-10-10-8s and 102-103V, respectively,
depending on the applications. A pulse control signal generator for the electro-holographic optical switch was designed
and simulated. Considering the integration of pulse signal generator and the switch, the circuit employs three stages
compact Marx generators utilizing parallel avalanche bipolar junction transistors series operated in the avalanche mode
in each stage. These transistors and the crystals are mounted on printed circuit board. According to the simulated results,
the output voltage ranged from 1.2kV to 1.5kV. The rise/fall time of this pulse is less than 3 nanoseconds. The pulse
width is 20 nanoseconds, and trigger delay is about 1 nanosecond. The repetition rate is less than 50MHz which can be
increased by reducing the pulse width of the trigger. The simulation results indicate that the pulse control signals from
the designed generator can match the application of electro-holographic optical switch well.
It is necessary to take some research into the thermal analysis of polymer waveguide ,which is important to
the interconnection among chips ,in order to guide the improvement of the technique of conventional integration and
make it more advanced. In this paper, we are successful in making a polysiloxane rib waveguide which is 21 cm long
like a line, and laser can propagate along the rib area directly. In order to take a research in the compatibility between
this waveguide and the integration technique, we analyze the thermal characteristics of the waveguide applying the
ansys software. We make the analysis model and meshing it. We also set the boundary conditions, and take some
research in the thermal characteristics of the waveguide and its thermal distribution of its cross section according to the
time. At last , we get that the instantaneous high temperature can not infect the core layer. We also get that the
temperature as high as 400 °C can not lasting more than 0.035 seconds. Those all conclusions are useful to the
integration technique.
A solution of the thermal fixing of holographic grating in paraelectric KTa1-xNbxO3 crystals based on flex-partial differential equation (FlexPDE) program has been proposed to solve the problem at large modulation depth. The Kukhtarev equations are rigorously solved by the algorithm of finite element method under the existing of nonlinear coupling effect. The distributions and time evolvement curves of space-charge filed, light-excitated electrons, ionized donors, compensating ionic species, and crystal refractive index are presented. The modulation of gratings becomes smaller along the propagating direction of writing beams because of the coupling effect. The simulation agrees well with the experimental result, and indicates that the finite element method is advantageous to reduce the difficulty of solving the Kukhtarev equations, and FlexPDE can display the forming of the fixed holographic grating dynamically on real time, with visualization.
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