The generation of microsized components found in LEDs, watches, molds as well as other types of micromechanics and microelectronics require a corresponding micro cutting tool in order to be manufactured, typically by milling or turning. Micro cutting tools are made of cemented tungsten carbide and are conventionally fabricated either by electrical discharge machining (EDM) or by grinding. An alternative method is proposed through a laser-based solution operating in the picosecond pulse duration whereby the beam is deflected using a modified galvanometer-driven micro scanning system exhibiting a high numerical aperture. A micro cutting tool material which cannot be easily processed using conventional methods is investigated, which is a fine grain polycrystalline diamond composite (PCD). The generation of various micro cutting tool relevant geometries, such as chip breakers and cutting edges, are demonstrated. The generated geometries are subsequently evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and quality is measured in terms of surface roughness and cutting edge sharpness. Additionally, two processing strategies in which the laser beam processes tangentially and orthogonally are compared in terms of quality.
A technique for structuring the surface of a bulk metallic glass (BMG) via scanning with a beam of laser pulses in the pico- and femtosecond time regime is presented. Specimens were characterized by various techniques to analyze the effects of ultrashort laser pulses on the amorphous matrix. Broadly varying surface structures, with roughness parameters in the range of Ra = 0:066 to 0:329 μm, measured using white light interferometry (WIM) and optical 3D microscopy, were produced. These techniques could be useful for fabricating biomedical implants from BMGs. As proof of principle, a patterned grid, designed for evaluating bone cell response to different surface structures, are produced.
High precision and high throughput material processing using ultrashort pulsed laser radiation of high average power
requires a detailed understanding of the laser matter interaction on ultrafast time scales. In this paper, we will focus on
energy transport mechanisms based on the two-temperature-model and the resulting ablation regimes for single pulses.
Heat accumulation at high pulse repetition rates and spatial pulse overlap will be discussed. Additional, a novel nonthermal
ablation mechanism for graphite and corresponding materials will be presented.
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