The Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) on the Mayall 4-m telescope has begun an ambitious survey of spectroscopic measurements of 40 million galaxies and quasars over an area of 14,000 deg2 . DESI is a wide field, multi-object, fiber-fed spectrograph, operating in the wavelength range of 360 - 980 nm. In this paper we present an overview of the DESI instrument focusing on key components including the prime-focus corrector, the focal plane with 5,020 remotely controlled fiber positioners, the procedures to position the fibers on selected targets and the spectrograph system. We then discuss the performance of the instrument during the first year of the DESI survey.
The Sloan Digital Sky Survey V (SDSS-V) is an all-sky spectroscopic survey of <6 million objects, designed to decode the history of the Milky Way, reveal the inner working of the stars, investigate the origin of solar systems, and track the growth of supermassive black holes across the Universe. Here we describe the mathematical frame work behind the SDSS-V robotic Focal Plane System (FPS), specifically the coordinate systems and transforms used to propagate locations of targets from astronomical catalogs to coordinates on a robotically positioned fiber or guide camera. This framework provides the backbone for the design and operations of SDSS-V’s MOS surveys. All coordinate systems and transformations between them are provided in SDSS-V’s coordio software package.
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