Dr. Guoqing Lin Profile

Dr. Guoqing Lin

Chief Scientific Programmer/Analyst at NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr

SPIE Involvement:

Author

Proceedings Article | 3 October 2024 Presentation + Paper

JPSS-4 VIIRS prelaunch geometric calibration and characterization status

Ping Zhang, Guoqing Lin

Proceedings Volume 13143, 131430D (2024) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3027085

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Long wavelength infrared, Satellites, Modulation transfer functions, Calibration

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The NASA/NOAA Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) is a key instrument in the JPSS missions (SNPP, JPSS-1-4). Being part of the calibration and validation process, JPSS-4 VIIRS prelaunch geometric performance assessment focuses on the sensor’s spatial response, band-to-band co-registration (BBR), and pointing knowledge. In general, JPSS-4 VIIRS’ prelaunch geometric performance is very good, and consistent with SNPP and JPSS-1-2-3 VIIRS. This paper highlights some specific key findings from the JPSS-4 VIIRS’ prelaunch tests. We first show that with timing adjustments, JPSS-4 VIIRS scan BBR error between VisNIR and SMWIR and LWIR bands has been reduced from 0.11/0.04 M-band sampling intervals to around 0.01 M-band sampling intervals, respectively. Focal Plane Assembly (FPA) rotations are about 0.03 degree in VisVIR, 0.08 degree in SMWIR and LWIR. Another finding from the prelaunch test is that JPSS-4 VIIRS track direction band-to-band co-registration errors between VisNIR and SMWIR and LWIR bands have been improved when compared to JPSS-3. This BBR mis-registration increases when aft‐optics assembly (AOA) temperature decreases. During TVAC cold performance test (AOA temperature is 253K), the track BBR mis-registration is about 0.04 M-band sampling intervals between VisNIR and SMWIR bands, and 0.03 M-band sampling intervals between VisNIR and LWIR bands. By comparison, the track BBR mis-registration in JPSS-3 is 0.10/0.08 M sampling intervals between VisNIR and SMWIR/LWIR bands, respectively. The unsymmetrical Day Night Band (DNB) scan-direction Line Spread Function (LSF) of JPSS-2 VIIRS at different gain stages and aggregation modes have been corrected in J4 VIIRS. Lastly, to correct the scan-to-scan underlaps in J1/J2, the scan rate of J4 VIIRS is increased to 3.546 rad/sec, compared to 3.510 rad/sec of J2. As a result, NOAA IDPS will reduce from 85.35 sec to 85.00 secs in each 48-scan granule, and NASA LSIPS will increase the number of scans from 202 scans in J2 to 204 scans in J4 in each 6-minute granule.

Proceedings Article | 4 October 2023 Presentation + Paper

JPSS-2/NOAA-21 VIIRS early on-orbit geometric performance

Ping Zhang, Guoqing Lin, John Dellomo, Bin Tan, Robert Wolfe

Proceedings Volume 12685, 1268512 (2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2677378

KEYWORDS: Landsat, Image registration, Bias correction, Calibration

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Proceedings Article | 1 August 2021 Presentation + Paper

JPSS-3 VIIRS prelaunch geometric calibration and characterization status

Ping Zhang, Guoqing Lin, Robert Wolfe

Proceedings Volume 11829, 118290O (2021) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2594809

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Landsat, Earth observing sensors, Calibration, Accuracy assessment, Image registration, Error analysis

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Proceedings Article | 1 August 2021 Presentation + Paper

Ground control points refresh for MODIS and VIIRS geolocation monitoring

Ping Zhang, Guoqing Lin, Bin Tan, Robert Wolfe

Proceedings Volume 11829, 118290Y (2021) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2594323

KEYWORDS: MODIS, Landsat, Earth observing sensors, Image registration, Sensors, Error analysis, Accuracy assessment, Digital image correlation

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Proceedings Article | 16 September 2020 Presentation + Paper

SNPP and NOAA-20 VIIRS on-orbit geolocation trending and improvements

Guoqing Gary Lin, Robert Wolfe, John Dellomo, Bin Tan, Ping Zhang

Proceedings Volume 11501, 1150112 (2020) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2569148

KEYWORDS: Satellites, Sensors, Satellite imaging, MODIS, Visible radiation, Infrared imaging, Radiometry, Infrared sensors, Calibration, Instrument modeling

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Proceedings Article | 9 September 2019 Presentation + Paper

Thirty-six combined years of MODIS geolocation trending

Guoqing (Gary) Lin, Robert Wolfe, Ping Zhang, James Tilton, John Dellomo, Bin Tan

Proceedings Volume 11127, 1112715 (2019) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2529447

KEYWORDS: MODIS, Radiometry, Image sensors, Sensors, Calibration, Microwave radiation, Visible radiation, Infrared imaging, Satellite imaging, Satellites

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Proceedings Article | 7 September 2018 Presentation + Paper

JPSS-1/NOAA-20 VIIRS early on-orbit geometric performance

Guoqing Lin, Robert Wolfe, James Tilton, Ping Zhang, John Dellomo, Bin Tan

Proceedings Volume 10764, 107641H (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2320767

KEYWORDS: Space operations, Satellites, Error analysis, Staring arrays, Computer programming, Earth observing sensors, Landsat, Calibration, Instrument modeling, Stars

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Proceedings Article | 5 October 2016 Paper

Guoqing (Gary) Lin, Robert Wolfe, James Tilton

Proceedings Volume 9972, 99721K (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2239043

KEYWORDS: Satellites, Space operations, Sensors, Image resolution, Detector arrays, Nano opto mechanical systems, Visible radiation, Infrared imaging, Radiometry, Eye

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This paper describes trends in the Suomi National Polar‐orbiting Partnership (SNPP) spacecraft ephemeris data over the four and half years of on-orbit operations. It then discusses the implications of these trends on the geometric performance of the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS), one of the instruments onboard SNPP. The SNPP ephemeris data includes time stamped spacecraft positions and velocities that are used to calculate the spacecraft altitude and sub-satellite locations. Through drag make-up maneuvers (DMUs) the orbital mean altitude (spacecraft altitude averaged over an orbit) has been maintained at 838.8 km to within +/- 0.2 km and the orbital period at 101.5 minutes to within +/- 0.2 seconds. The corresponding orbital mean velocity in the terrestrial frame of reference has been maintained at 7524 m/s to within +/- 0.5 m/s. Within an orbit, the altitude varies from 828 km near 15° N to 856 km near the South Pole. Inclination adjust maneuvers (IAMs) have maintained the orbit inclination angle at 98.67° to with +/- 0.07° and the sun-synchronous local time at ascending node (LTAN) at 13:28 to within +/- 5 minutes. Besides these trends, it is interesting to observe that the orbit’s elliptic shape has its major axis linking the perigee and apogee shorter than the line linking the ascending node and the descending node. This effect is caused by the Earth’s oblate spheroid shape and deviates from a Keplerian orbit theory in which the two orbiting bodies are point masses. VIIRS has 5 imagery resolution bands, 16 moderate resolution bands and a day-night band, with 32, 16 and 16 detectors, respectively, aligned in the spacecraft flight (aka. track) direction. For each band’s sample within a scan, the detectors sample the Earth’s surface simultaneously in the track direction in the Earth Centered Inertial frame of reference. The distance between the center of the area sensed by the trailing detectors of one scan and the leading detectors of the next includes a component caused by earth rotation. This earth rotation component is relatively small (~70 m/s) for an orbit like SNPP, but must be taken into account in the design of low-Earth orbit scanning sensors similar to VIIRS to ensure contiguous coverage at nadir.

Proceedings Article | 20 September 2016 Presentation + Paper

JPSS-1 VIIRS at-launch geometric performance

Guoqing Lin, Robert Wolfe

Proceedings Volume 9972, 99721L (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2238804

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Modulation transfer functions, Space operations, Satellites, Staring arrays, Sensor performance, Satellite imaging, Matrices, Visible radiation, Calibration

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Proceedings Article | 23 September 2013 Paper

SNPP VIIRS spectral bands co-registration and spatial response characterization

Guoqing Lin, James Tilton, Robert Wolfe, Krishna Tewari, Masahiro Nishihama

Proceedings Volume 8866, 88661G (2013) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2023367

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Modulation transfer functions, Satellites, Image quality, Matrices, Landsat, Point spread functions, Image resolution, Quality measurement, Earth observing sensors

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The Visible Infrared Imager Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) instrument onboard the Suomi National Polar‐orbiting Partnership (SNPP) satellite was launched on 28 October 2011. The VIIRS has 5 imagery spectral bands (I-bands), 16 moderate resolution spectral bands (M-bands) and a panchromatic day/night band (DNB). Performance of the VIIRS spatial response and band-to-band co-registration (BBR) was measured through intensive pre-launch tests. These measurements were made in the non-aggregated zones near the start (or end) of scan for the I-bands and M-bands and for a limited number of aggregation modes for the DNB in order to test requirement compliance. This paper presents results based on a recently re-processed pre-launch test data. Sensor (detector) spatial impulse responses in the scan direction are parameterized in terms of ground dynamic field of view (GDFOV), horizontal spatial resolution (HSR), modulation transfer function (MTF), ensquared energy (EE) and integrated out-of-pixel (IOOP) spatial response. Results are presented for the non-aggregation, 2-sample and 3-sample aggregation zones for the I-bands and M-bands, and for a limited number of aggregation modes for the DNB. On-orbit GDFOVs measured for the 5 I-bands in the scan direction using a straight bridge are also presented. Band-to-band co-registration (BBR) is quantified using the prelaunch measured band-to-band offsets. These offsets may be expressed as fractions of horizontal sampling intervals (HSIs), detector spatial response parameters GDFOV or HSR. BBR bases on HSIs in the non-aggregation, 2-sample and 3-sample aggregation zones are presented. BBR matrices based on scan direction GDFOV and HSR are compared to the BBR matrix based on HSI in the non-aggregation zone. We demonstrate that BBR based on GDFOV is a better representation of footprint overlap and so this definition should be used in BBR requirement specifications. We propose that HSR not be used as the primary image quality indicator, since we show that it is neither an adequate representation of the size of sensor spatial response nor an adequate measure of imaging quality.

Proceedings Article | 15 October 2012 Paper

NPP VIIRS early on-orbit geometric performance

Robert Wolfe, Guoqing Lin, Masahiro Nishihama, Krishna Tewari, Enrique Montano

Proceedings Volume 8510, 851013 (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.929925

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Calibration, MODIS, Space operations, Satellites, Mirrors, Data modeling, Staring arrays, Long wavelength infrared, Image resolution

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Proceedings Article | 14 September 2011 Paper

NPP VIIRS geometric performance status

Guoqing Lin, Robert Wolfe, Masahiro Nishihama

Proceedings Volume 8153, 81531V (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.894652

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Modulation transfer functions, Staring arrays, Calibration, Point spread functions, Satellites, Space operations, Long wavelength infrared, Spatial resolution, Image resolution

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Showing 5 of 12 publications

Conference Committee Involvement (1)

Earth Observing Systems XXX

3 August 2025 | San Diego, California, United States

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