KEYWORDS: Arteries, Blood circulation, Simulation of CCA and DLA aggregates, Image segmentation, Angiography, Independent component analysis, Visualization, Data modeling, Blood
The evaluation of blood flow indicators in the elimination of nosebleeds by ligation of the external carotid artery according to angiography data is considered. It has been shown that due to the ligation of one main vessel, which leads to an increase in the perfusion rate, respectively, with a subsequent decrease in pressure on the walls of the vessels, hypotension is observed. This reduction in pressure additionally leads to easier relief of nosebleeds in the presence of relatively small erosive or destructive changes in the vessels of the nasal cavity, which are also supplied by the internal carotid artery, and not just the external one. The result obtained means that when the external carotid artery is ligated (temporarily excluded from the circulatory system), the static blood pressure on the walls in the internal carotid artery (due to a decrease in the diameter of its cross section and an increase in the linear velocity of blood flow in it at a constant blood volume flow) decreases within 3÷15%. Accurate personalized values of blood flow parameters for the model can be obtained using additional research methods, such as Doppler imaging. It is also possible to refine the model by taking into account the current pressure in the norm with parallel blood flow in two (external and internal) carotid arteries, although this refinement will be insignificant. This allows, on the basis of a simple model, to carry out planning for stopping nosebleeds, based on the data of biophysical modeling of the mechanics of blood circulation. The perspective of the work is the refinement of the model by CFD methods and the use of telemedicine services for remote consultation and planning for the relief of profuse nosebleeds. Based on the foregoing, it can be concluded that ligation of the external carotid artery in recurrent profuse nosebleeds, regardless of the systemic blood supply, has not lost its significance to date and remains relevant as a method of effectively eliminating this formidable pathological process. Key words: optical visualization blood pressure, human health, arteries, nosebleeds, model.
KEYWORDS: 3D modeling, Data modeling, Visual process modeling, Instrument modeling, Aerodynamics, 3D printing, Prototyping, Mathematical modeling, Computed tomography, Visualization
The essence of the development is to obtain data from imaging tools, as a rule, spiral computed tomography, which allows visualizing bone-cartilaginous and soft tissue structures of the nasal cavity with high spatial resolution and contrast, preparing a 3D model for prototyping using specialized programs - slicers dividing the reproduced object into sections, taking into account the hardware features of the prototyping device, the 3D printing stage for obtaining a mode and implementation of this model is given manipulation - training with the help of selected surgical instruments. After a virtual change in the spatial configuration of the nasal cavity and re-manufacturing of a real model, it is possible to conduct comparative tests of both full-scale models on an aerodynamic bench to determine and analyse indicators of nasal resistance – pressure drop and corresponding air flow.
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