KEYWORDS: Microscopes, Digital holography, Phase shifts, 3D metrology, 3D image reconstruction, Holograms, Image processing, Cameras, 3D acquisition, Optical components
Significance: Parallel phase-shifting digital holographic microscope (PPSDHM) is powerful for three-dimensional (3D) measurements of dynamic specimens. However, the PPSDHM reported previously was directly fixed on the optical bench and imposed difficulties case, thus it is required to modify the specification of the microscope or transport the microscope to another location.
Aim: We present a modularized PPSDHM. We construct the proposed PPSDHM and demonstrate the 3D measurement capability of the PPSDHM.
Approach: The PPSDHM was designed as an inverted microscope to record transparent objects and modularized by integrating the optical elements of the PPSDHM on an optical breadboard. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the PPSDHM, we recorded a 3D motion-picture of moving Volvoxes at 1000 frames / s and carried out 3D tracking of the Volvoxes.
Results: The PPSDHM was practically realized and 3D images of objects were successfully reconstructed from holograms recorded with a single-shot exposure. The 3D trajectories of Volvoxes were obtained from the reconstructed images.
Conclusions: We established a modularized PPSDHM that is capable of 3D image acquisition by integrating the optical elements of the PPSDHM on an optical breadboard. The recording capability of 3D motion-pictures of dynamic specimens was experimentally demonstrated by the PPSDHM.
KEYWORDS: Digital holography, 3D image reconstruction, Microscopes, Holograms, Holography, Phase shifts, 3D metrology, 3D image processing, Microorganisms, Polarization
We report the three-dimensional (3D) trajectory of a Volvox moving in water was recorded by parallel phase-shifting digital holographic microscope providing 10X magnification. The recording frame rate, the shutter speed, and the total recording time were 1000 fps, 0.25 ms, and 2.1 s, respectively. In the reconstructed phase image of the Volvox, the shape of the Volvox is regarded as a circle. The lateral coordinates of the Volvox were determined as the center of the circle. The depth coordinates of the Volvox were determined as the propagation distance where the edge of the Volvox in the reconstructed amplitude image was clearest while the propagation distance was varied. We successfully demonstrated the 3D tracking of curvedly moving Volvox.
We report imaging of a sound field radiated from a sound source by parallel phase-shifting digital holography. We used a Nd:YVO4 laser emitting light with a wavelength of 532 nm as a light source and a polarization imaging camera to record holograms. The holograms were recorded 40000 Hz sound with 100000 frame per second. To adjust one wavelength of sound to the recordable area of the image sensor, we introduced a demagnification optical system in the path of the object beam. The phase difference images were calculated from the recorded holograms. Thus, we observed propagation of periodical phase distributions of sound and succeeded in sound field imaging.
A parallel phase-shifting digital holographic microscope achieves motion-picture phase imaging of a dynamic minute specimen. However, much time and skill are required to construct the optical system of the microscope. The authors designed and constructed an optical system of a parallel phase-shifting digital holographic microscope in which the optical components of the microscope were integrated on a breadboard standing perpendicular to an optical table. The lateral and longitudinal magnifications of the microscope are 10 and 100, respectively. The authors experimentally demonstrated the motion-picture phase imaging of a dynamic minute specimen by the microscope. The holograms were recorded at 1,000 fps and the shutter speed was 0.5 ms.
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