A real-time holographic microscope for phase imaging is described. The image-formation process is based on the aberration-correcting capability of phase-conjugate illumination. After it has passed through a phase object, the light from a laser beam is recorded as a reflection hologram within a crystal of barium titanate by the self-pumping process. Such a reflection hologram, when illuminated, returns the phase conjugate of the incident distorted optical field. The object is then displaced slightly, and the phase conjugate of the field produced by the undisplaced object now passes through the displaced object. This produces in the object plane an intensity pattern that is an image of gradients in phase retardation. A microscope (objective and ocular) creates a magnified image of the pattern. A digital processor grabs video frames, subtracting from the gradient image the initial optical field acquired before the shift. The subtractive processing results in a final image free of coherent noise and artifacts. We describe the microscope and its operation and show representative images.
We describe a transmission video processing microscope that uses a temporary hologram recorded in real time to provide phase-conjugate illumination of phase and mixed phase and absorption objects. It uses the aberration-removal capabilities of phase conjugation to (1) produce phase contrast in phase objects, (2) make motion in phase objects visible by creating contrast only for moving elements, and (3) eliminate phase background due to an embedding medium or to phase-modulating structures in absorbing (intensity) objects.
We describe a real-time laser holographic microscope
which uses a photorefractive hologram and digital signal
processing. The new microscope produces high-contrast images
ofeven weak phase subjects. A pSeUdO-three-dimensiOnal
image type is produced which shows phase gradients like those
of"modulation contrast" or "differential interference contrast"
Mother image type shows phase retardation in a more direct
way, as in conventional "phase contrast." Still another type
shows images of moving phase elements in a field while
rejecting stationary ones.
Access to the requested content is limited to institutions that have purchased or subscribe to SPIE eBooks.
You are receiving this notice because your organization may not have SPIE eBooks access.*
*Shibboleth/Open Athens users─please
sign in
to access your institution's subscriptions.
To obtain this item, you may purchase the complete book in print or electronic format on
SPIE.org.
INSTITUTIONAL Select your institution to access the SPIE Digital Library.
PERSONAL Sign in with your SPIE account to access your personal subscriptions or to use specific features such as save to my library, sign up for alerts, save searches, etc.