We must expand the operating wavelength range of the optical fiber amplifier if we are to achieve a large scale DWDM and CWDM optical communication system with high performance levels. In this report, we introduce the S-band amplification technique with a Tm3+-doped fluoride fiber amplifier and an Er3+-doped fiber amplifier, and a fiber Raman amplification technique with a wider application range realized by using tellurite fiber. Furthermore, we describe the use of our proposed wide optical fiber amplifiers in an 8-channel CWDM communication system.
The reliability of a fluoride fiber module generally depends on three factors. They are the lifetime of the fluoride fiber under practical environmental conditions, the reliability of the splice between fluoride and silica fiber in terms of low-loss and low-reflection, and the effectiveness with which the packaging prevents moisture damage. The first factor depends strongly on the fluoride fiber strength. We describe a technique for fabricating fluoride fiber with improved strength and then estimate its lifetime using a static fatigue test. We evaluate the remaining two factors by applying the recommended reliability test program to the fiber modules. We describe the structure of our fluoride fiber module and present the reliability test results with reference to the Bellcore Technical Advisory TA-NWT-001221.
This paper describes the optical amplification characteristics and reliability of praseodymium-doped and erbium-doped fluoride optical fiber amplifiers, with a view to their application in practical optical systems.
This paper presents measurement results of absorption and scattering in tissues and tissuelike phantoms by using coherent detection imaging (CDI) technique. CDI measurements are carried out in 0.8 - 1.3 micrometer wavelength region by using several continuous wave, single frequency lasers, including a tunable Ti:sapphire laser and laser diode-pumped Nd:YAG lasers. A 120 dB dynamic range achieved with less than 10 mW incident power and a detection time of 0.1 msec enables spectroscopic measurements through attenuation of as much as exp(-27). Measurement results using cw lasers are also compared to the temporal scattering profiles of coherent photon migration in highly scattering media. For this purpose, a modified CDI system using low-coherence super luminescent diodes has been developed. The results from the laser and low coherence CDI measurements are found to be consistent.
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