We present a novel, low loss, integrated photonic platform based on silicon oxynitride (SiON) channel waveguides, capable to manage a wide range of VIS-NIR wavelengths for both linear and nonlinear optics applications. The proposed platform shows promising properties for a wide range of applications in on-chip sensing, LIDAR and integrated quantum photonic technologies. The propagation losses of the realized waveguides, characterized in a linear regime, are below 1.8 dB/cm at a wavelength of 800nm. The nonlinear optical properties of the platform have been characterized, in the wavelength range from 740nm to 840nm, by studying the broadening of picosecond laser pulses in Self-Phase-Modulation process. The resulting nonlinear coefficient n2 varies between 6 and 14 x 10^(-20) m^2/W within the studied spectral range, showing a clear increasing trend while approaching the half value of the silicon oxynitride band gap (Eg~4eV).
In this work, we investigate the application of intermodal spontaneous four wave mixing (SFWM) to ghost spectroscopy in the mid-infrared (MIR) spectral region. This technique is of great interest for MIR sensing, being able to overcome the limitations faced by MIR detectors in terms of background noise and dark counts. Through intermodal SFWM in a Silicon-On-Insulator (SOI) waveguide, two temporally correlated photons are generated: using a standard C-band pump, the idler photon is in the near-infrared (NIR) and the signal photon is in the MIR. The integrated source, with a coincidence to accidental ratio (CAR) of 114 ± 4, is used to demonstrate that, in situations of environmental noise, ghost spectroscopy yields advantages with respect to the traditional absorption spectroscopy. The time-energy entanglement of the photon pairs is used to enhance the visibility of the measurement against noisy background conditions and to increase the spectral resolution in the MIR by spectral filtering the NIR photons. Modeling and experimental data support these improvements.
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