Today issue of security becomes luma increasingly important, with implications for all sectors of activity. Reported at the scientific aspect, user identification is the primary objective under which access into buildings, financial, information, transport, health, etc. In this regard, the physical and/or behavior characteristics could be utilized to identify/verify the subject of interest. The palmprint biometrics have demonstrated their applicability as a successful biometric modality by using various feature extraction techniques. An original method of the individual identified by the analysis of the characteristics of main lines (topological size and planar arrangement) of ordinary video images is described in this paper. The method involves the use of specific methods from microwave engineering to evaluation of the main line morphometry that are modeled using microstrip lines. Also, this proposed method could be used to evaluate the vein characteristics from infrared palm images.
This paper demonstrates the possibility of using the multilayer technology in the design of microwave bandpass filters with novel microstrip synchronously-tuned open-loop triangular resonators, mainly for telecommunication applications. The proposed filtering configurations contain two such resonators located on different metallization layers, coupled with the aid of some non-resonating slots cut-out in the common ground plane of the structure. The triangular shape of the proposed microstrip resonators allows obtaining various coupling topologies between resonators, good electrical performance, and a better compactness of the designed bandpass filters, compared to other similar approaches already shown in the literature [1-3].
The design of the bandpass filters in a three-metallization layer configuration starts from the design of the microstrip single-mode triangular resonator, followed by the investigation, through electromagnetic-field simulation, of possible coupling topologies between pair of such resonators, in the proposed multilayer technology. In order to validate this study, two different 2nd- order filtering structures are designed and assessed, for applications in the 3.5 GHz frequency band. The electrical performances of the proposed bandpass filters are in good agreement with the specification, which make them potential candidates for applications where compactness and compatibility with other multilayer circuits are stringent requirements.
The paper presents a study of the electromagnetic couplings between planar open-loop triangular-shaped resonators. Based on the proposed single-mode resonator, various couplings schemes are considered: between a single microstrip resonator and its 50Ω feeding line, between two identical triangular-shaped resonators designed in microstrip technology, and between pairs of synchronously-tuned resonators located on different metallization layers, in a multilayer configuration. In this last case, properly located slots, cut out in the common ground plane, ensure and control the coupling between resonators. The results shown in the paper can be used in the design of different miniature planar band-pass filters, including filters with cross-coupled resonators, in microstrip and in multilayer technologies.
Current high-speed circuit designs with signal rates up to 100Gbps and above are implying constraints for dielectric and conductive materials and their dependence of frequency, for component elements and for production processes. The purpose of this paper is to highlight through various simulation results the frequency dependence of specific parameters like insertion and return loss, eye diagrams, group delay that are part of signal integrity analyses type. In low-power environment designs become more complex as the operation frequency increases. The need for new materials with spatial uniformity for dielectric constant is a need for higher data rates circuits. The fiber weave effect (FWE) will be analyzed through the eye diagram results for various dielectric materials in a differential signaling scheme given the fact that the FWE is a phenomenon that affects randomly the performance of the circuit on balanced/differential transmission lines which are typically characterized through the above mentioned approaches. Crosstalk between traces is also of concern due to propagated signals that have tight rise and fall times or due to high density of the boards. Criteria should be considered to achieve maximum performance of the designed system requiring critical electronic properties.
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