KEYWORDS: Computer programming, Free space optical communications, Free space optics, Data communications, Multiplexing, Switches, Digital signal processing, Gaussian beams, Atmospheric propagation, Receivers
Free-space optical communications can play a significant role in line-of-sight links. In general, data can be encoded on the amplitude, phase, or temporal position of the optical wave. Importantly, there are environments for which ever-more information is desired for a given amount of optical energy. This can be accomplished if there are more degrees-of-freedom that the wave can occupy to provide higher energy efficiency for a given capacity (i.e., bits/photon). Traditionally, free-space optical links have used only a single beam, such that there was little opportunity for a wave to occupy more than one spatial location, thereby not allowing the spatial domain to be used for data encoding. Recently, space- and mode-multiplexing has been demonstrated to simultaneously transmit multiple data-carrying free-space beams. Each spatially overlapping mode was orthogonal to other modes and carried a unique amount of orbital-angular-momentum (OAM). In this paper, we consider that OAM modes could be a data-encoding domain, such that a beam could uniquely occupy one of many modes, i.e., 4 modes would provide 4 possible states and double the bits of information for the same amount of energy. In the past, such OAM-based encoding was shown at kHz data rates. We will present the architecture and experimental results for OAM-based data encoding for a free-space 1.55-μm data link under different system parameters. Key features of the results include: (a) encoding on several modes is accomplished using a fast switch, and (b) low bit-error-rates are achieved at >Gbit/s, which is orders-of-magnitude faster than previous results.
In this paper, we present the measurement results of a spectrally efficient 2.56Tb/s free-space data link using orbital
angular momentum (OAM) beams. This link includes 32 independent 20 Gbaud/s 16-quadrature-amplitude-modulation
data streams, each encoded on a different OAM beam, which are mode-, polarization- and space-division multiplexed as
one collocated beam. We measured the bit-error rate (BER) curves of all 32 channels, all of which can achieve a BER of
<2×10-3. The performance degradation due to the spatial multiplexing using concentric ring scheme is analyzed.
Additionally, the effect of the pre-filtering is investigated, and negligible penalty is observed.
Daniel Lee, Mark McClelland, Joseph Schneider, Tsung-Lin Yang, Dan Gallagher, John Wang, Danelle Shah, Nisar Ahmed, Pete Moran, Brandon Jones, Tung-Sing Leung, Aaron Nathan, Hadas Kress-Gazit, Mark Campbell
This paper presents an overview of a human-robotic system under development at Cornell which is capable of
mapping an unknown environment, as well as discovering, tracking, and neutralizing several static and dynamic
objects of interest. In addition, the robots can coordinate their individual tasks with one another without overly
burdening a human operator. The testbed utilizes the Segway RMP platform, with lidar, vision, IMU and GPS
sensors. The software draws from autonomous systems research, specifically in the areas of pose estimation,
target detection and tracking, motion and behavioral planning, and human robot interaction. This paper also
details experimental scenarios of mapping, tracking, and neutralization presented by way of pictures, data, and
movies.
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