Different approaches to constructing sensing units based on nucleic acid (DNA) molecules are considered. These
sensing units permit the detection of biologically relevant compounds of various origin. However, the main goal of this
report is the description of the peculiarities of multifunctional sensing units based on particles of liquid-crystalline DNA
dispersions immobilized in hydrogel. In combination with a portable dichrometer these sensing units form a new type of
the bioanalytical system.
A sensitive method for measuring the circular dichroism (CD) of living cells in visible-near IR region is developed. The changes in CD spectra from 250 to 780 nm of HeLa cell suspension after the first and second irradiation at 820 nm in dose 9 J/cm2 are investigated. The CD spectrum of the intact cells is well structured and characterized by a positive signal in the UV (250-290 nm) and visible-near IR (500-780 nm) regions as well as by a negative signal in 300-450 nm region. Distinct maxima in the visible-near IR region are recorded at 566, 634, 680, 712, and 741 nm. As a rule, the peak circular dichroism signals decrease in the irradiated cells except of the area 750-770 nm. Peak positions (exception: the peak at 680 nm) shift as a rule to the long-wavelength direction. The most remarkable changes in peak positions as well as in CD signals are recorded in the region 750-770 nm: an appearance of the new peak at 767 nm after the first irradiation and its shift to 752 nm after the second irradiation. The peaks at 712 and 741 nm disappear after the irradiation. A new peak appears at 601 nm. It is assumed that the changes in the degree of oxidation of the chromophores of cytochrome c oxidase caused by the irradiation are accompanied by conformational changes in their vicinity. It can be suggested that these changes are occurring in CuB environment.
New impressive heavy metal detection limits at analysis of high pure materials and environment samples have been obtained with a laser excited atomic fluorescence spectrometer. A resonant multistep ionization spectrometer with laser ionization in capillar of atoms with radioactive nuclei is used as a chemically selective laser ion source in experiments for obtaining isobarless isotope beams and their applications in problems of new materials research, astrophysics and nuclear physics. A laser photoelectron projection spectromicroscope is developed for photoelectron image detection of single absorbing centers on a surface with an atomic-molecular spatial resolution. A number of portable spectral instruments including based on new principles has been developed for using in these laser installations and for other applications.
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