In this paper, a polymer optical fiber (POF) bending sensor based on a tapered structure is proposed. At the outset, tapered POFs with different tapered sizes are prepared by flame-heated drawing technique, the bending characteristics of tapered POF sensor under different cone waist diameters are investigated. The experimental results show that the sensor sensitivity is largest when the cone waist diameter is 1/3 of the diameter of POF, where the size of the latter is 500μm. On this basis, a dual U-shaped structure POF angle sensor based on tapered is designed. The experimental measurement shows that its angular sensitivity is improved to 0.0871 dB/°, its linearity is 0.994, and its sensing sensitivity is 6 times that of the conventional tapered structure. This structure has the advantages of high sensitivity to bending, small size and low cost, and has potential application prospects in the field of measuring the bending angle of human joints.
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