The origin and progression of a variety of leading health challenges, encompassing Alzheimer’s disease, heart disease, fibrosis and cancer, are directly linked to changes in the presence and orientation of fibrous matter in biological tissue. Fibrous biological tissue exhibits distinct anisotropic optical properties, which can be leveraged for selective imaging. However, these naturally occurring light-matter interactions are inherently weak, posing barriers to their visualization. Here, we leverage anisotropic, colorimetric metasurfaces to selectively visualize disease-relevant fiber density and orientation in biological tissue. We then investigate versatile fiber-affecting diseases where metasurfaces hold great potential to achieve rapid, precise and low-cost tissue diagnostics.
Fibrotic diseases account for one-third of deaths worldwide, making it essential to investigate the accompanying tissue microstructural changes that are critical to disease progression. This research focuses on the fibrotic extracellular matrices present in histological tissue sections, which can characterize disease progression. We demonstrate how bioinspired structural color can be utilized as a label-free technology to determine disease progression on a single nanostructured surface. This nanophotonic imaging platform characterizes the organization of fibrous biological tissues with distinct stain-free color responses. The colorimetric response of histological tissue sections interfaced with these nanostructured slides was quantitatively assessed.
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