We experimentally studied a passive optical network dynamic fault monitoring technology based on optical time domain reflectometry (OTDR), focused on various types of network structures with optical splitter (OS) devices, and analyzed the monitoring data with different lengths of fibers in front of the OS, such as 0, 14.5, and 50 km, respectively. Different from previous studies, we found that the new characteristics of echo curve can be used to realize the identification of different fault branches. We also make a detailed analysis on the feasibility of OTDR for multi-branch monitoring and the corresponding situation of instrument parameters. And the similar distance of the event situation is analyzed experimentally. We believe that these research data will provide effective technical reference for the intelligent management of optical networks in the current network.
In this paper, we use the experimental data to verify the technology of Optical Time Domain Reflectometry (OTDR) to realize multi-branch fault monitoring in PON access network. Then the monitoring effects of the two optical splitter structures are analyzed in detail, and the dynamic monitoring of different fault degrees is realized. We prepared single-mode optical fibers, with the length of 10.282 km, 10.768 km, 14.45 km, 25.2 km and 50.38 km respectively. Optical attenuators with different optical attenuation values, like 5 dB and 2 dB, respectively corresponding to different fault degrees of optical fiber link. The fault monitoring of branches with similar distance is analyzed, and the influencing factors such as pulse width are analyzed in detail. In experiments, it can be found that the selection of scanning pulse width has little impact on the identification of event position, but when two adjacent events fold each other due to the increase of attenuation dead zone, the identification of event position cannot be realized. It is believed that these research data can provide valuable reference for the management and maintenance of optical fiber in the actual PON network, and provide valuable data for the promotion of this new technology.
A novel optical fiber sensor based on weak coupling twin-core fiber (TCF) is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The sensing structure consists of two single mode fibers (SMF) and fabricated by program controlled tapering the spliced region between the first SMF and a segment of TCF. During this period the light power was gradually transferred from the SMF into the cladding mode near the waist zone, after the waist zone, the optical power was gradually concentrated from the cladding mode into the cores mode, which could affect the extinction ratio of the interference peaks in the transmission spectrum. In order to obtain better interference spectrum, we adjusted the fusion structure of the tail fiber and the TCF, and the cross sections of the optical fibers are dislocated to a certain extent, so that the interference process of the beam changes. In the process of adjusting the structure, we observed the spectral changes in the spectrometer at the same time until the best interference spectrum appeared, and then we completed the fusion. The interference between different modes can be affected by changes in the external environment, like refractive index (RI) and strain, which also dictates the wavelength shift of the transmission spectrum. In the experiment, we have studied the sensing response of the optical fiber sensor to the RI and strain, and the sensing sensitivity is 131.1nm/RIU and 1.26x10-3 dB/με respectively. All sensors fabricated in this paper show good linearity in terms of the spectral wavelength shift.
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