We have recently demonstrated extremely high second-order and third-order susceptibilities at near-infrared frequencies in ultrathin-metal/dielectric heterostructures, both of which are a few orders of magnitude higher than those of classic plasmonic materials. In this talk, we will present our recent efforts on quantum engineering of these plasmonic heterostructures for achieving extreme optical nonlinearities.
In the past two decades, various super-resolution fluorescence microscopic techniques have achieved an axial resolution on the order of tens of nanometers and been applied for a wide range of biological studies. However, these imaging techniques still face technical challenges to reach a resolution below 10 nm. Moreover, the required complex system for these techniques limits their wide applications in practice. In this talk, we present a new cellular fluorescence imaging method with a nanometer-scale axial resolution, based on a distance-dependent photobleaching suppression of fluorophores on hyperbolic metamaterial. We will show that by applying this technology to image HeLa cell membranes tagged with fluorescent proteins, an axial resolution of ~3 nm at multiple colors can be achieved, allowing for a precise determination of the architecture of cell adhesion.
Investigation of new plasmonic material platforms with large optical nonlinearity is crucial for the continued development of nonlinear optics and its applications. Here we report an enhanced second order nonlinear effect in metallic quantum wells (QWs) where the intersubband transition plays a dominant role. Centrosymmetry in these metallic QWs is broken by forming multilayers with chemically and structurally distinct barrier oxides above and below a metal nanofilm. For Au-based QWs, we show that a large χ(2), measured by second harmonic generation (SHG), around 229.6 pm/V at the near infrared (NIR) wavelength of 940 nm was achieved in an asymmetric metallic QW of SiO2|Au|HfO2 on a fused silica substrate.
Quantum well infrared photodetectors (QWIPs) based on GaAs have attracted much attention owing to its matured material growth technique. In order to obey the selection rule of polarization, various grating structures have been attached to planar QWIPs. Recently, we experimentally demonstrated that strained planar QWIPs could be self-rolled up into an out-of-plane tubular geometry so that the polarization selection rule is sufficiently subdued without any extra grating structure. Such self-rolled-up QWIPs show a broadband enhancement of responsivity and detectivity over a wide incident angle. In this paper, both wave-optics and ray-optics simulations are performed to clarify the underlying physics. The well-defined curved QWIPs pave a path towards flexible QWIPs for flexible optoelectronics.
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