Dr. Stefan Habelitz Profile

Dr. Stefan Habelitz

at Univ of California San Francisco

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Proceedings Article | 27 February 2008 Paper

Nanomechanical properties of dentin treated with a CO2 laser for potential caries inhibition

Stefan Habelitz, Daniel Fried, Charles Le, John Featherstone

Proceedings Volume 6843, 684306 (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.778796

KEYWORDS: Natural surfaces, Carbon dioxide lasers, Minerals, Laser dentistry, Tissues, Dental caries, Atomic force microscopy, Laser irradiation, Laser therapeutics, Apatite

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The effect of pulsed CO₂-laser treatments on the microstructure and nanomechanical properties was studied using atomic force microscopy and nanoindentation. The microstructure and roughness of dentin specimens treated by a 9.3 μm CO₂ laser at fluences of 0.5; 0.75; 1.0; and 1.5 J/cm² were evaluated and the elastic modulus and hardness before and after a nine days demin/remin application for laser treatments at 0.75 and 1.5 J/cm² were determined. The hypothesis that CO₂-laser-treatments reduce or inhibit the demineralization process was tested. Surface cracks were observed at fluences of 0.75 J/cm² and higher. Surface roughness increased strongly after laser irradiation and was about 10 times higher at maximum fluence. Mechanical properties profiles from the laser treated surface to sound dentin showed increased modulus and hardness values at dentin surfaces treated, indicating removal of organic phases and reinforcement of the tissue by increased mineral content. Mechanical properties decreased after demin/remin application in all groups and the hardened surface layer disappeared for samples treated at 0.75 J/cm². While increased properties were still observed in the laser affected surface zone for treatments at 1.5 J/cm², demineralization was severe underneath these layers as indicated by a sharp drop in properties. The depth of demineralization was slightly decreased in the laser-treated group compared to the untreated controls. We conclude that CO₂-laser treatments produce dentin surfaces with increased nanomechanical properties. These surface layers do not, however, provide protection against demineralization due to surface cracking and possible delamination. Moreover, the surface cracks induced by the laser-irradiation raise concerns about a clinical potential for caries inhibition in dentin.

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