The Pancharatnam-Berry phase is a geometric phase associated with the polarization of light. We present novel optical
phase elements based on the space-domain Pancharatnam-Berry phase. Such elements can be realized using
inhomogeneous anisotropic micro and nanostructures, where the geometric phase is induced by spin-to orbital angular
momentum transfer. The elements are polarization dependent, thereby enabling multipurpose optical elements. Vectorial
vortices, and vectorial vortex mode transformation for a hollow waveguide are demonstrated. Manipulating of thermal
radiation by use of anisotropic micro and nanostructures is also investigated. We demonstrate an extraordinary coherent
thermal radiation from coupled resonant cavities; each of them supports standing wave surface polaritons.
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