This paper presents a methodology that utilizes high-resolution optical satellite imagery, specifically GeoEye-1, and
airborne lidar data to detect disaster-related damaged buildings in order to conduct a case study on the 2011 Tohoku
earthquake. The methodology is based on change detection algorithms used in the field of image processing for remote
sensing. Specifically, we examine the use of the image algebra change detection algorithm. This algorithm identifies the
amount of change between two rectified images by band rationing or image differencing. On the other hand, it seems that
the results calculated are different depending on the calculation method used because the data type of satellite data is
different from that of the airborne lidar data. In this research, we propose three methods for creating a dataset used to
detect damaged buildings: the Difference method, the Ratio method, and the Normalized Difference method, which are
simply referred to as the D-method, R-method, and ND-method, respectively. The D-method is based on the difference
in the value of the post-event imagery compared to that of the pre-event imagery. The R-method is based on the quotient
of dividing the value of the pre-event imagery by that of the post-event imagery. The ND-method uses a calculation
formula that is similar to that used by the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). The experimental results
indicate that the dataset created using the ND-method has a higher sensitivity in the detection of damaged buildings than
that of other methods.
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