Mr. Yuan Shen Profile

Yuan Shen

at Zhejiang Lab

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Proceedings Article | 27 March 2022 Paper

Waveguide mode conversion on anisotropic thin film lithium niobate

Yuan Shen, Lin Ai, Bigeng Chen, Yunjiang Rao

Proceedings Volume 12169, 121698C (2022) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2625112

KEYWORDS: Waveguides, Waveguide modes, Thin films, Refractive index, Anisotropy, Integrated photonics, Geometrical optics

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Thin film lithium niobite on insulator (LNOI) is attracting intensive attention in the field of integrated photonics owing to multiple advantages such as wide transparent window, low optical loss, high electro-optic coefficients and wafer-scale processing capability. On-chip integrated photonic devices based on LNOI promise low manufacturing cost and high performances. Meanwhile, compared with the conventional integrated photonics materials (Si, SiN, InP and so on), optical anisotropy of LNOI is presented as an outstanding feature which demands extra care for opto-electronics application but also provides the opportunity to develop novel devices. Refractive index of LNOI may change significantly depending on light propagation direction, wafer crystal orientation and polarization. Here, we investigate waveguide mode hybridization and mutual conversion in ridge waveguide on X-cut thin film LNOI. Properties of fundamental modes as well as higher-order modes are analyzed with varied structural parameters and propagation direction systematically by numerical simulation. It is found that, while mode conversion between two fundamental polarized modes is rather weak, conversion efficiency between TM0 and TE1 can be quite high in a bent waveguide. A mode convertor based on 90° bend is thus proposed, which converts TM0 mode to TE1 mode with an efficiency over 90% due to the strong optical anisotropy of LNOI. An optimized structure that replaces no-coupling arc section with smaller-radius one is also demonstrated with reduced size. Such mode converter using bent waveguide with anisotropy may find applications on novel LNOI photonic circuits and devices.

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