|
The papers in this volume were part of the technical conference cited on the cover and title page. Papers were selected and subject to review by the editors and conference program committee. Some conference presentations may not be available for publication. Additional papers and presentation recordings may be available online in the SPIE Digital Library at SPIEDigitalLibrary.org. The papers reflect the work and thoughts of the authors and are published herein as submitted. The publisher is not responsible for the validity of the information or for any outcomes resulting from reliance thereon. Please use the following format to cite material from these proceedings: Author(s), ‘Title of Paper,” in Terahertz, RF, Millimeter, and Submillimeter-Wave Technology and Applications X, edited by Laurence P. Sadwick, Tianxin Yang, Proceedings of SPIE Vol. 10103 (SPIE, Bellingham, WA, 2017) Seven-digit Article CID Number. ISSN: 0277-786X ISSN: 1996-756X (electronic) ISBN: 9781510606470 ISBN: 9781510606487 (electronic) Published by SPIE P.O. Box 10, Bellingham, Washington 98227-0010 USA Telephone +1 360 676 3290 (Pacific Time) · Fax +1 360 647 1445 Copyright © 2017, Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. Copying of material in this book for internal or personal use, or for the internal or personal use of specific clients, beyond the fair use provisions granted by the U.S. Copyright Law is authorized by SPIE subject to payment of copying fees. The Transactional Reporting Service base fee for this volume is $18.00 per article (or portion thereof), which should be paid directly to the Copyright Clearance Center (CCC), 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923. Payment may also be made electronically through CCC Online at copyright.com. Other copying for republication, resale, advertising or promotion, or any form of systematic or multiple reproduction of any material in this book is prohibited except with permission in writing from the publisher. The CCC fee code is 0277-786X/17/$18.00. Printed in the United States of America. Publication of record for individual papers is online in the SPIE Digital Library. Paper Numbering: Proceedings of SPIE follow an e-First publication model. A unique citation identifier (CID) number is assigned to each article at the time of publication. Utilization of CIDs allows articles to be fully citable as soon as they are published online, and connects the same identifier to all online and print versions of the publication. SPIE uses a seven-digit CID article numbering system structured as follows:
AuthorsNumbers in the index correspond to the last two digits of the six-digit citation identifier (CID) article numbering system used in Proceedings of SPIE. The first four digits reflect the volume number. Base 36 numbering is employed for the last two digits and indicates the order of articles within the volume. Numbers start with 00, 01, 02, 03, 04, 05, 06, 07, 08, 09, 0A, 0B…0Z, followed by 10-1Z, 20-2Z, etc. Ade, Peter A. R., 0N Agapiou, G., 0M Ahmadi, Farzad, 1F, 1V Alharbi, Khalid H., 1J Al-Khalidi, Abdullah, 1J Alland, S., 0K Apostolopoulos, D., 0M Argyris, N., 0M Aronoff, A. D., 0K Avramopoulos, H., 0M Barnes, Crispin H. W., 0D Beere, Harvey E., 07, 0D Benea-Chelmus, Ileana-Cristina, 05 Bessaudou, Annie, 1H Bledt, Carlos M., 07 Bonzon, Christopher, 05 Borngräber, Johannes, 1L Bracken, Colm P., 0N Carelli, P., 1M Carnio, B. N., 0G, 1K Castellano, M. G., 1M Chandrayan, Neelima, 1S Chang, Chi-Hsiang, 22 Chen, Jian, 0A, 1R Chiarello, F., 1M Cibella, S., 1M Clark, C., 18 Colleoni, Margherita M. P., 1T Crunteanu, Aurelian, 1H Degl’Innocenti, Riccardo, 07 Denisov, Alexander, 08 Doherty, Stephen, 0N Dris, S., 0M Du, Tao, 1W, 1X Duling, Irl N. III., 0T Elezzabi, A. Y., 0G, 1K Eu, Guan Chai, 1N Faist, Jérôme, 05 Ferraro, R., 0K Figueiredo, José, 1J Fip, Tassilo, 15 Firby, C. J., 0G Fleischman, E., 0K Fleming, L., 18 Friederich, Fabian, 0B Fukuda, Hiroaki, 19 Gaggero, A., 1M Ge, Chunfeng, 0I, 0W, 1P Giannoulis, G., 0M Gibson, D., 18 Giovine, E., 1M Goodhue, William, 1S Gradziel, Marcin L., 0N Green, Nicolas G., 1I Greig, S. R., 0G Grünert, Jan, 0E Gu, Min, 1R Guo, Cheng, 0W Haring Bolívar, Peter, 0B Harrington, James A., 07 Hasanuzzaman, G. K. M., 20 Hesjedal, Thorsten, 0D Hübers, Heinz-Wilhelm, 1L Huitema, Laure, 1H Humbert, Georges, 1H Hutson, D., 18 Ida, Nathan, 1F, 1V Iezekiel, Stavros, 20 Jia, Dongfang, 0I, 1P Jia, Xiaoqing, 0A, 1R Jiang, Chengtao, 0A, 1R Jiang, Zhou, 0A, 1R Kahl, Matthias, 0B Kalinauskaite, Eimante, 0N Kamboj, Varun S., 0D Kanaya, Haruichi, 1N Kang, Lin, 0A, 1R Kato, Kazutoshi, 1N Kawase, Kodo, 19 Kelly, A. E., 0Y Khalid, Ata, 1J Kissinger, Dietmar, 1L Koga, Masahiko, 1N Kosowsky, L. H., 0K Kostikidou, L., 0M Lamarre, Jean-Michel, 0N Leoni, R., 1M Leroy, Jonathan, 1H Lessi, C., 0M Liu, Hao, 08 Liu, Jia, 0E Liu, Jing, 1T Llorente, Roberto, 10 Lu, Zhaoyu, 0W, 1P Ma, Rui, 1W, 1X MacGregor, C., 18 Macho, Andres, 10 Maffei, Bruno, 0N McAuley, Ian, 0N McCarthy, Darragh N., 0N Melzer, Jeffrey E., 07 Minami, Tsubasa, 19 Mirzaei, Sahar, 1I Mitrofanov, Oleg, 07 Moraitis, N., 0M Murphy, J. Anthony, 0N Orlianges, Jean-Christophe, 1H O’Sullivan, Créidhe, 0N Palm, Dominic, 15 Panagopoulos, A. D., 0M Papafili, I., 0M Peacocke, Tully, 0N Perdikouris, S., 0M Pu, Suan Hui, 1I Qian, Xifeng, 1S Qiu, Jinghui, 08 Rahm, Marco, 15 Raphael, N., 0Y Reid, S., 18 Ritchie, David A., 07, 0D Rodrigues, Gil C., 1J Rotaru, Mihai, 1I Rothbart, Nick, 1L Savini, Giorgio, 0N Scalari, G., 1M Schmalz, Klaus, 1L Schunemann, P. G., 0G Sefler, George A., 0Z Shaw, T. Justin, 0Z Shemelya, Corey, 15 Singh, Angadjit, 0D Song, S., 18 Spatharakis, C., 0M Stapleton, Andrew D., 0Z Tai, Wenlong, 0I Takiguchi, Koichi, 1D Thow, T., 0Y Torrioli, G., 1M Trappe, Neal A., 0N Tsugami, Kota, 1N Tu, Xuecou, 0A, 1R Valley, George C., 0Z Vidal, Borja, 10, 1T Waldie, Joanna, 07 Wallis, Robert, 07 Wan, Chao, 0A, 1R Wang, Jue, 1J Wang, Qian, 1T Wang, Qiyu, 1W, 1X Wang, Zhaoying, 0W, 1W, 1X Wasige, Edward, 1J Weisenstein, Christian, 0B White, Jeffrey S., 0T Wilson, Daniel, 0N Wu, Chao-Hsin, 22 Wu, Peiheng, 0A, 1R Xiao, Peng, 0A, 1R Xing, Da, 1P Yang, Lucas, 22 Yang, Tianxin, 0I, 0W, 1P, 1W, 1X Yilmaz, Selahattin Berk, 1L Yin, Xinyu, 08 Yuan, Quan, 1W, 1X Zainullin, Airat, 10 Zawilski, K. T., 0G Zhai, Shimin, 1R Conference CommitteeSymposium Chairs Symposium Co-chairs
Program Track Chair Conference Chairs Conference Program Committee
Session Chairs
IntroductionThe 2017 Terahertz, RF, Millimeter, and Submillimeter-Wave Technology and Applications VII Conference was divided into fourteen sessions reflecting specific categories as follows: Session 1 THz Sources and Detectors I, Session 2 Imaging and Security, Session 3 Spectroscopy, Session 4, RF-Submillimeter-Wave, Session 5 Thickness Measurements using Terahertz Technologies I, Session 6 Thickness Measurements using Terahertz Technologies II, Session 7 RF-Submillimeter-Wave II, Session 8 Metamaterials I, Session 9 Biomedical Applications, Session 10 Innovations, Session 11 Metamaterials II, Session 12 Terahertz Detectors and Sources II, Session 13 Terahertz Detectors and Sources III, and Session 14 Terahertz Detectors and Sources IV, and a poster session. Session 1 began with an invited talk presented by Professor Robert Giles’ research group on Terahertz source-receiver technologies: biomedical imaging followed by a talk on polarization dependent resonance manipulation by terahertz meta-molecules, with additional talks on plasmonics-enhanced large-area terahertz detectors by Professor Mona Jarrahi’s research group and a high-sensitivity intensity correlation measurements for photon statistics at terahertz frequencies presented by Ileana-Cristina Benea-Chelmus who was a Best Student Paper Award winner. Session 2 began with a talk on mechanically robust cylindrical metal terahertz waveguides for cryogenic applications, followed by talks on simplest passive millimeter wave discriminator for the finding of objects, sparse multistatic line-array-based 3D terahertz imaging system with real-time capability for industrial applications, a low noise readout integrated circuit for Nb5N6 microbolometer array detector and, completely the session, a talk on conception and realization of a semiconductor based 240GHz full 3D MIMO imaging system. Session 3 began with a talk on material anisotropy effects in dielectric THz metamaterials, followed by presentations on temperature evolution of topological surface states in bi2Se3 thin films studied using terahertz spectroscopy, advanced temporal characterization of free electron laser pulses at European XFEL by THz photoelectron spectroscopy, InGaAs Schottky barrier diode array detectors integrated with broadband antenna, (012)-cut chalcopyrite ZnGeP2 as a high-bandwidth terahertz electro-optic detection crystal, and concluding with a talk on strong coupling of THz surface plasmon polaritons to complementary metasurfaces. Session 4 began with a talk on picosecond-pulse generation over 10 GHz repetition rate based on cascaded semiconductor optical amplifiers, followed by talks on ultra-compact electromagnetic wave sensor featuring electro-optics polymer infiltrated one-dimensional photonic-crystal-slotted waveguide, 77 GHz radar for first responders, terahertz wireless communication based on InP-related devices, field-trial demonstration of an extended-reach GPON-supporting 60-GHz indoor wireless access, and concluding with a talk on radiation patterns of multimode feed-horn-coupled bolometers for FAR-IR space applications. Session 5 was the first of two sessions on thickness measurements using terahertz technologies which included a number of talks from world experts on this subject and began with a Keynote presentation given by J.L.M. van Mechelen on towards the industrialization of THz technology: the case of quality control of paper during production followed by an invited talk on using terahertz-pulsed imaging (TPI) to study osmotic tablets, a talk on commercial perspective in THz spectroscopy, sensing and imaging, and concluding with a talk on thickness determination of wet coatings using self-calibration method. Session 6 was the second of two sessions on thickness measurements using terahertz technologies which included a number of talks from world experts on this subject and began with an invited talk on film thickness determination using ultrashort terahertz pulses by Professor Kodo Kawase and his research group, online terahertz thickness measurement in films and coatings by Irl Duling, followed by talks on terahertz thickness measurements for real industrial applications: from automotive paints to aerospace industry, and concluding with a talk on an accurate frequency-modulated continuous-wave method for fast terahertz thickness measurements. Session 7 began with a talk on Nyquist pulse generator by techniques of frequency synthetization, followed by talks on microwave photonic filter with continuous tunability using a wavelength-spacing-tunable multiwavelength fiber laser, analogue RF over fibre links for future radar systems, analogue RF over fibre links for future radar systems, multicore fiber beamforming network for broadband satellite communications, and concluding with a talk on wireless chemical sensor system based on electromagnetically energy-harvesting metamaterials. Session 8 was the first of two sessions on metamaterials and had a number of world recognized leaders in the field and began with an invited talk on applications of spatially varying conductivity in plasmonics and metamaterials by Professor Ajay Nahata’s research group and was followed by invited talks on large dynamic range terahertz spectrometers based on plasmonic photomixers by Professor Mona Jarrahi’s research group, analysis of tuning methods in semiconductor frequency-selective surfaces by Professor Marco Rahm’s research group, and completing the session an invited talk on broadband terahertz generation from metamaterials and their hybrid quantum structures by Professor Jigang Wang’s research group. Session 9 began with an invited talk on development of terahertz endoscopic system for cancer detection by Dr. Pallavi Doradla and Professor Robert Giles’ research group, followed by a talk on one-dimensional photonic crystals for eliminating cross-talk in mid-IR photonics-based respiratory gas sensing that was presented by Lewis S. Fleming who was a Best Student Paper winner, and concluded with a talk on tissue characterization by using phase information of terahertz time domain spectroscopy. Session 10 began with a talk on terahertz chiral structures with large optical activity, followed by talks on Improvement of terahertz time-domain spectroscopy precision by interferometrically tracked delay lines, tunable flexible metasurfaces, and concluded with a talk on demultiplexing method of terahertz-wave OFDM sub-carrier channels using integrated-optic DFT circuit. Session 11 was the second session on metamaterials and began with an invited talk on metamaterial reconfigurable spatio-temporal modulators for terahertz sensing and imaging by Professor Willie J. Padilla and his research group, followed by a talk on ultrathin wide bandwidth metamaterial absorber using randomly distributed scatterers, an invited talk on high-performance terahertz metasurface lenses by Dr. Hou-Tong Chen, and concluded with a talk on a talk on tunable THz metamaterials based on phase-changed materials (VO2) triggered by thermal and electrical stimuli. Session 12 began with an invited talk on resonant tunnelling diode terahertz sources for broadband wireless communications by Professor Edward Wasige and his research group, followed by talks on properties of cellulose nanocrystal films and powder in the terahertz frequency regime, gas spectroscopy system with 245 GHz transmitter and receiver in SiGe BiCMOS, a metamaterial-coupled hot-electron-bolometer working at THz frequencies, and concluded with a talk on 4x4 planar array antenna on indium phosphide substrate for 0.3-THz band application. Session 13 began with an invited talk on terahertz monolithic solution for biosensing applications by Dr. Richard Al Hadi and others at UCLA, followed by talks on generations of linear frequency modulation continuous waves, THz wave generation through 2nd order non-linear excitonic effects in GaAs/AlAs MQWs at room temperature, and concluded with a talk on a sensitive Nb5N6 microbolometer with a composite coupling structure for THz detection. Session 14 began with a talk waveguide development using wafer fused GaP/GaAs in THz quantum cascade lasers, followed by talks on printing sub-THz wire grid polarizers using a composite liquid metal ink, printing sub-THz wire grid polarizers using a composite liquid metal ink, and concluded with a talk on a broadband ultrathin metamaterial absorber using tilted parallel strips. There were also a number of excellent poster presentations at this conference. The poster presentations were on precisely tunable multi-wavelength fiber laser source for phased array antenna, a linearly frequency-swept high-speed-rate multi-wavelength laser for optical coherence tomography, ultra-flattened nearly zero-dispersion THz waveguide using photonic quasi-crystal porous core fiber, slot-shaped porous core THz photonic crystal fiber with broadband high birefringence and nearly zero flat-dispersion, self-oscillating optical comb generator based on optoelectronic oscillator, an inset-fed slot ring antenna integrated with a terahertz photomixer based on a uni-traveling-carrier photodiode, and analysis of quantum well optical modulation in light-emitting transistors. As in prior Terahertz Technology and Applications Conferences, these papers represent a cross section of much of the research work that is being pursued in the technically challenging terahertz spectral and other electromagnetic regions. In the prior ten years of the Proceedings of this conference (Conferences 6472, 6893 7215, 7601, 7938, 8621, 8624, 8985, 9362 and 9747, respectively), we (including Dr. Kurt Linden) presented a list of recent technical articles describing significant advances in the terahertz technology. This year, for the interested reader, we also include a list that points to a rather extensive and growing database on the terahertz absorption characteristics of a large number of chemicals given on the website www.thzdb.org. That website, in turn, provides links to related terahertz technology database websites as shown in Table 1. Table 1.List of terahertz technology database websites as found at www.thzdb.org
In the last eight years’ introduction to SPIE Proceedings, Volumes 6472, 6893, 7215, 7601, 7938, 8621, 8624, and 8985, respectively, two tables were included, one summarizing the more common terahertz radiation sources, and the other summarizing the more common terahertz detector types. For the interest of the general reader we again include these tables without updates other than to note that recent advancements in vacuum electronics BWOs coupled with solid state multipliers have now produced usable power above 2 THz and that devices such as quantum cascade lasers continue to make improvements that encroach upon established high power sources such as carbon dioxide lasers. Due to such advancements, any values listed in Tables 2 and 3 are likely to be bested by new records in a very short time period; however the sources and detectors listed in Tables 2 and 3 still comprise the majority of those used in the THz regime. Readers of this volume may send additions and enhancements to these tables so that future volumes can continue to provide readers with relevant information on the availability of terahertz sources and detectors. Such suggestions can be sent to sadwick@innosystech.com. Table 2.Summary of common terahertz sources
Table 3.Summary of common terahertz radiation detectors
We would also to acknowledge Miss Sahar Mirzaei, a graduate student pursuing her Ph.D. degree at University of Southampton in England who was unfortunately not able to attend the conference due to a temporary ban that was later lifted by the U.S. Courts. Her paper is among those published herein. Finally, we would like to thank the Conference Program Committee: René Beigang, Jianji Dong, Frank Ellrich, Robert H. Giles, R. Jennifer Hwu, J. Anthony Murphy, Créidhe O’Sullivan, Kyung Hyun Park, Alessia Portieri, Jinghua Teng, Michael Weibel, and Jiangfeng Zhou. We would also like to thank the SPIE Program and Proceedings staff who worked on this conference and proceedings. Laurence P. Sadwick Tianxin Yang |