LIBS, Raman spectroscopy, and optical microscopy analyses of superficial encrustations on ancient tesserae in Lebanon

Anna Tomkowska; Krzysztof Chmielewski; Wojciech Skrzyczanowski; Monika Mularczyk-Oliwa; Roman Ostrowski; Marek Strzelec

doi:10.1117/12.2270001

11 July 2017 LIBS, Raman spectroscopy, and optical microscopy analyses of superficial encrustations on ancient tesserae in Lebanon

Anna Tomkowska, Krzysztof Chmielewski, Wojciech Skrzyczanowski, Monika Mularczyk-Oliwa, Roman Ostrowski, Marek Strzelec

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Proceedings Volume 10331, Optics for Arts, Architecture, and Archaeology VI; 103310J (2017) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2270001
Event: SPIE Optical Metrology, 2017, Munich, Germany

Abstract

The aim of research was determination of composition and nature of superficial deposits, cumulated at the selected mosaic’s tesserae from Lebanon. Selected were three series of objects from different locations, namely from the seaside and mountain archaeological sites as well as from the mosaics exposed in the city center. Analyzed were stone and ceramic tesserae. The selection of objects was dictated by wide diversification of factors influencing the state of preservation and composition of deposits in given location. Investigations were performed including LIBS, FT-IR, Raman spectroscopy and optical 3D microscopy. The experimental results included composition and kind of deposit at the tesserae surfaces, and composition of tesserae itself. Compounds in the superficial deposits were identified. Confirmed was occurrence of different encrustations in dependence on geographic localization of a given sample. The interpretation of results was supported by multivariate statistical techniques, especially by the factor analysis. Performed analyses constitute the pioneer realization in terms of determination of deposits composition at the surface of mosaics from the Lebanon territory.

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Anna Tomkowska, Krzysztof Chmielewski, Wojciech Skrzyczanowski, Monika Mularczyk-Oliwa, Roman Ostrowski, and Marek Strzelec "LIBS, Raman spectroscopy, and optical microscopy analyses of superficial encrustations on ancient tesserae in Lebanon", Proc. SPIE 10331, Optics for Arts, Architecture, and Archaeology VI, 103310J (11 July 2017); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2270001

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