Strongly coupled material excitations to optical modes has shown potential to modify the material’s chemistry. The optical modes are usually given by an external cavity, such as Fabry-Pérot cavities, which may limit the scope of applications. Here we highlight the possibility of self-coupling electronic or vibrational resonances to optical modes sustained by the materials themselves. We show electronic and vibrational cavity-free polaritons in concrete examples, such as a slab of excitonic material and a spherical water droplet in vacuum. The abundance of cavity-free polaritons in simple structures points at their practical importance for polaritonic chemistry, exciton transport, and modified material properties.
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