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Phototherapy is beneficial in the treatment of many diseases, especially non-invasive phototherapy, because it directly irradiates the target tissue without irreversible damage. Phototherapy produces benign biological stimulation, responses, and photochemical effects that regulate a variety of bodily functions, such as blood function, nerve impulse transmission, enzyme activity, metabolism, and immunity. With the aging of the population and changes in lifestyle, the incidence of metabolism-related diseases is increasing. At present, the wavelengths used for the treatment of metabolism-related diseases in LLLT are divided into three wavelengths: red, near-infrared and ultraviolet. The most commonly used light source is a laser. However, with the development of third generation semiconductor materials and semiconductor lighting technology, a new light source, the light emitting diode (LED), has emerged. LEDs cover almost the full spectrum of wavelengths, which opens up the possibility of using phototherapy for different diseases. In summary, low light therapy is a promising method for the treatment of metabolism-related diseases. The development of safe, effective, low-cost, portable/wearable non-invasive phototherapy equipment is an important future direction for the application of low light therapy to the treatment of metabolism-related diseases.
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