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This paper provides a concise overview and comparison of high-temperature sandwich structure materials. Specifically, it focuses on the advantages of polyimide/quartz fiber materials within a resin-based composite framework. Additionally, the study explores trends in metamaterial development and highlights existing challenges. Comparative analyses of various sandwich structure types and their respective strengths are presented. Notably, recent innovations proposed by scholars have aimed to broaden microwave absorption bandwidth, enhance microwave absorption depth, and improve high temperature resilience. In the context of sandwich structures, we investigate the impact of geometric parameters, absorber/impregnation layers, and layer count on absorption capabilities. Furthermore, this paper delves into research related to thermal protection of composite sandwich structures in high temperature environments. Specifically, the degradation modes of mechanical and electromagnetic properties under elevated temperatures were analyzed. Notably, this paper observes a decline in static load-bearing capacity and a reduction in inherent frequencies for sandwich structures exposed to high temperatures, revealing gaps in current research. Finally, this paper emphasizes key directions for advancing high-temperature composite material absorptive sandwich structures. These include achieving high strength, high modulus, and improved toughness. Moreover, absorptive properties should extend beyond high-frequency ranges to encompass low-frequency domains. Attention to absorption depth, width, and incident angles is crucial. Additionally, enhancing high-temperature resistance and integrating structural functions are essential future development pathways.
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