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10 February 2006 Efficient broadband difference frequency generation in a direct-bonded periodically poled LiNbO3 waveguide and the observation of CO isotopomer absorption from 2.3 to 2.45 μm
Tsutomu Yanagawa, Osamu Tadanaga, Yoshiki Nishida, Hiroshi Miyazawa, Katsuaki Magari, Masaki Asobe, Hiroyuki Suzuki
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Proceedings Volume 6103, Nonlinear Frequency Generation and Conversion: Materials, Devices, and Applications V; 61030O (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.643638
Event: Lasers and Applications in Science and Engineering, 2006, San Jose, California, United States
Abstract
Efficient difference frequency generation (DFG) is obtained in the 2-μm region by using a direct-bonded periodically-poled LiNbO3 (PPLN) ridge waveguide. The direct-bonding technique can utilize the bulk LN characteristics, which provide certain advantages including no additional absorption, precise device design and reproducible device fabrication. We achieved a conversion efficiency of 100%/W in the fabricated waveguide with a 0.94-μm pump laser diode (LD) and a 1.5-μm band tunable signal LD source. We also achieved a wide tunable range of over 0.1 μm in a 50-mm-long waveguide with a single-pitch PPLN at a constant temperature. This is because the DFG bandwidth is decided by the phase mismatch Δk. Generally, Δk=0 is only obtained at a certain wavelength, however, the Sellmeier equation shows that Δk~0 is easy to realize in the 2-μm region when the pump is set at 0.90-0.96 μm. Subtle Δk changes around 0 realized group velocity matching and a broadband output could be obtained. Compact and broadband tunable light sources are expected to be used for trace gas sensing in the near to medium infrared regions. This report also describes the bundle observation of carbon monoxide isotopomer absorption lines. The DFG output bandwidth is sufficient to observe 12CO and 13CO simultaneously. The absorption lines of the P and R branches for each gas are clearly observed between 2.30 and 2.45 μm. DFG in the 2-μm region using direct-bonded PPLN ridge waveguides is a promising approach for opening up new broadband applications.
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Tsutomu Yanagawa, Osamu Tadanaga, Yoshiki Nishida, Hiroshi Miyazawa, Katsuaki Magari, Masaki Asobe, and Hiroyuki Suzuki "Efficient broadband difference frequency generation in a direct-bonded periodically poled LiNbO3 waveguide and the observation of CO isotopomer absorption from 2.3 to 2.45 μm", Proc. SPIE 6103, Nonlinear Frequency Generation and Conversion: Materials, Devices, and Applications V, 61030O (10 February 2006); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.643638
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KEYWORDS
Carbon monoxide
Absorption
Waveguides
Difference frequency generation
Light sources
Signal detection
Fabrication
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