Rigorous modeling of dielectric and metallic blaze gratings in the intermediate structure regime

Oliver Sandfuchs; Alexander Pesch; Robert Brunner

doi:10.1117/12.731997

14 September 2007 Rigorous modeling of dielectric and metallic blaze gratings in the intermediate structure regime

Oliver Sandfuchs, Alexander Pesch, Robert Brunner

Proceedings Volume 6675, Optical Modeling and Performance Predictions III; 66750I (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.731997
Event: Optical Engineering + Applications, 2007, San Diego, California, United States

Abstract

The performance predictions and optimization of blazed diffraction gratings are key issues for their application in hybrid optical systems, both in the case of imaging and analyzing systems. Scalar and vectorial theories are often used for a first performance estimation whenever applicable. However, in the intermediate structure regime, characterized by a grating period within the transition from the validity of the scalar to the fully electromagnetic theory, rigorous numerical simulations are inevitable for accurate modeling of blaze structures with sawtooth-shaped profiles. A variety of electromagnetic algorithms exists to determine the diffraction efficiency, such as integral equation methods, finite element methods or rigorous coupled-wave analyses. An effect known as shadowing occurs and has a significant influence on the diffraction efficiency of the blazed grating. A simple but accurate model describing the shadowing phenomena would be of enormous practical importance for the optical design of hybrid systems. Commonly, dielectric transmission gratings are regarded, when the efficiency behavior due to shadowing is discussed. We succeeded in filling the modeling gap in the intermediate structure regime and have derived a rigorous-based semi-analytical model for dielectric gratings. We are able to extend this model to the case of metallic reflection gratings. For both types of gratings, we find that the blaze efficiency obeys a linear dependence on the ratio of blaze wavelength to grating period, which dominates the performance in the first diffraction order. We define the linear coefficient of shadowing strength and discuss its dependence on the material properties.

Citation Download Citation

Oliver Sandfuchs, Alexander Pesch, and Robert Brunner "Rigorous modeling of dielectric and metallic blaze gratings in the intermediate structure regime", Proc. SPIE 6675, Optical Modeling and Performance Predictions III, 66750I (14 September 2007); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.731997

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