The proper guidance of the epidural needle is crucial for safe and effective epidural anesthesia. In this research, we developed an innovative endoscopic system based on polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT). To assess its feasibility, we conducted experiments using ex vivo human epidural specimens. During the experiments, we imaged and analyzed different spinal tissue layers that the epidural needle passes through, including subcutaneous fat, supraspinous and interspinous ligament, ligamentum flavum, epidural space, dura, and spinal cord. Each of these tissue layers exhibited distinct imaging patterns. In addition, we used deep learning for automatic tissue recognition.
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