Detection of LSB±1 steganography based on co-occurrence matrix and bit plane clipping

Mojtaba Abolghasemi; Hasan Aghaeinia; Karim Faez; Mohamadali A. Mehrabi

doi:10.1117/1.3295709

1 January 2010 Detection of LSB±1 steganography based on co-occurrence matrix and bit plane clipping

Mojtaba Abolghasemi, Hasan Aghaeinia, Karim Faez, Mohamadali A. Mehrabi

Author Affiliations +

Journal of Electronic Imaging, Vol. 19, Issue 1, 013014 (January 2010). https://doi.org/10.1117/1.3295709

Abstract

Spatial LSB±1 steganography changes smooth characteristics between adjoining pixels of the raw image. We present a novel steganalysis method for LSB±1 steganography based on feature vectors derived from the co-occurrence matrix in the spatial domain. We investigate how LSB±1 steganography affects the bit planes of an image and show that it changes more least significant bit (LSB) planes of it. The co-occurrence matrix is derived from an image in which some of its most significant bit planes are clipped. By this preprocessing, in addition to reducing the dimensions of the feature vector, the effects of embedding were also preserved. We compute the co-occurrence matrix in different directions and with different dependency and use the elements of the resulting co-occurrence matrix as features. This method is sensitive to the data embedding process. We use a Fisher linear discrimination (FLD) classifier and test our algorithm on different databases and embedding rates. We compare our scheme with the current LSB±1 steganalysis methods. It is shown that the proposed scheme outperforms the state-of-the-art methods in detecting the LSB±1 steganographic method for grayscale images.

©(2010) Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)

Citation Download Citation

Mojtaba Abolghasemi, Hasan Aghaeinia, Karim Faez, and Mohamadali A. Mehrabi "Detection of LSB±1 steganography based on co-occurrence matrix and bit plane clipping," Journal of Electronic Imaging 19(1), 013014 (1 January 2010). https://doi.org/10.1117/1.3295709

Published: 1 January 2010

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