Turbo-Satori: a neurofeedback and brain–computer interface toolbox for real-time functional near-infrared spectroscopy

Michael Lührs; Rainer Goebel

doi:10.1117/1.NPh.4.4.041504

6 October 2017 Turbo-Satori: a neurofeedback and brain–computer interface toolbox for real-time functional near-infrared spectroscopy

Michael Lührs, Rainer Goebel

Author Affiliations +

Neurophotonics, Vol. 4, Issue 4, 041504 (October 2017). https://doi.org/10.1117/1.NPh.4.4.041504

Abstract

Turbo-Satori is a neurofeedback and brain–computer interface (BCI) toolbox for real-time functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). It incorporates multiple pipelines from real-time preprocessing and analysis to neurofeedback and BCI applications. The toolbox is designed with a focus in usability, enabling a fast setup and execution of real-time experiments. Turbo-Satori uses an incremental recursive least-squares procedure for real-time general linear model calculation and support vector machine classifiers for advanced BCI applications. It communicates directly with common NIRx fNIRS hardware and was tested extensively ensuring that the calculations can be performed in real time without a significant change in calculation times for all sampling intervals during ongoing experiments of up to 6 h of recording. Enabling immediate access to advanced processing features also allows the use of this toolbox for students and nonexperts in the field of fNIRS data acquisition and processing. Flexible network interfaces allow third party stimulus applications to access the processed data and calculated statistics in real time so that this information can be easily incorporated in neurofeedback or BCI presentations.

CC BY: © The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported License. Distribution or reproduction of this work in whole or in part requires full attribution of the original publication, including its DOI.

Citation Download Citation

Michael Lührs and Rainer Goebel "Turbo-Satori: a neurofeedback and brain–computer interface toolbox for real-time functional near-infrared spectroscopy," Neurophotonics 4(4), 041504 (6 October 2017). https://doi.org/10.1117/1.NPh.4.4.041504

Received: 7 April 2017; Accepted: 12 September 2017; Published: 6 October 2017

ACCESS THE FULL ARTICLE

JOURNAL ARTICLE
10 PAGES

DOWNLOAD PAPER SAVE TO MY LIBRARY