KEYWORDS: 3D image processing, Cameras, 3D displays, Video, Image sensors, Imaging systems, 3D image reconstruction, Integral imaging, Image quality, Video acceleration
This paper describes a new system for sharing a 3D space on workbenches placed at different locations. It consists of
flatbed-type autostereoscopic displays based on the one-dimensional (horizontal parallax only) integral imaging (1D-II)
method and multi-viewpoint video cameras. Possible applications of the system include a tool for remote instruction,
where an instructor can show how to assemble a product from given parts to a worker who is not in front of the instructor
but in a different room or factory. The idea of sharing the 3D space at different locations is not new. In the previous
applications such as mixed reality, however, since the depth of the reconstructed 3D space was not clearly restricted, it is
difficult to improve the image quality of the reconstructed space. In the application presented in this paper, we can obtain
a reasonable level of the image quality because the depth of the reconstructed space is clearly limited by the size of the
parts on the 3D workbench. A new multi-viewpoint video camera was designed for the application. In this design, each
image sensor was placed parallel to the lens with a shift in each direction of the XY coordinate system in a horizontal
plane and only a limited region of each image was used to reconstruct the 3D space. An experimental system called the
"3D hand-area space sharing system" was implemented using integral imaging 3D displays as well as multi-viewpoint
video cameras. As a result, we ascertained that larger display, namely, 8K4K, and interpolation technology are necessary
for a multi-viewpoint video camera for the 3D hand-area space sharing system.
We have developed a flatbed-type autostereoscopic display system showing continuous motion parallax as an extended form of a one-dimensional integral imaging (1D-II) display system. The 1D-II display architecture is suitable for both flatbed and upright configurations. We have also designed an image format specification for encoding 1D-II data. In this parallax image array format, two (or more) viewpoint images whose viewpoint numbers are separated by a constant number are paired, and all of the paired images are combined to obtain an image the same size as the elemental image array. By using the format, 3-D image quality is hardly degraded by lossy codec. The conversion from this format to the elemental image array is simple and does not depend on changes in the viewing distance and associated changes in camera number. Decoding and converting speeds are sufficiently high due to utilization of middleware based on
DirectX.
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