We analyze the transfer factor for phase noise (NTFφ) of PGC system. According to NTFφ , we optimize the system
phase noise performance by setting proper working point. Since we use hydrophones with the same Distributed
Feedback (DFB) laser, the noise from laser resource takes the leading post. We build up the theory model of correlation
coefficients, and demonstrated a new system using a reference interferometer with 32 coupler. The homologous noise is
eliminated. We get output noise with the PSD (Power Spectral Density) 8.5dB higher than that of circuit noise and 14dB
higher than that of DC intensity noise.
The phase generated carrier (PGC) arctangent algorithm needs to be compensated when the carrier modulation depth C
deviates from 2.63 rad. Parameters measurement error can induce an incomplete compensation in the arctangent
algorithm. The demodulation distortion due to parameters estimation error is analyzed quantitatively in this paper. The
relative amplitude error (RAE) and harmonic suppression ratio (HSR) are considered, which indicate a linear distortion
and a nonlinear one separately. Theoretical analysis shows that the fluctuation range of RAE has a linear relation with an
absolute value of δC which is the estimation error of the modulation depth C. The fluctuation range of RAE also has a
square relation with δφ1, δφ2 which are the estimation error of the phase delay Δφ1Δφ2 of fundamental and second
harmonic carriers respectively. Similarly, minimum HSR decreases by 6dB along with a doubled absolute value of δC
and by 12dB with that of δφ1. Experimental results are presented to corroborate the theory.
Phase Generated Carrier (PGC) with directly Frequency Modulation (FM) is one of the most important
demodulation methods for optical fiber interferometric sensor system. Previous research has confirmed that system
performance using Orthogonal Demodulation Type PGC (ODT-PGC) method is determined by many parameters,
such as signal phase delay, FM depth, laser intensity accompanying modulation. This article proposes a new PGC
demodulation method based on Fixed Phase Delay (FPD-PGC) by 3x2 directional coupler, using second-harmonic
components of two interferometric signals to demodulate. The demodulation principle of the new method is described
in detail and its performances have been studied. Theoretical analysis and experimental results show that the new
method combines main advantages of directional coupler method and ODT-PGC method, and eliminates, to a great
extent, the impacts of FM depth, signal phase delay, intensity modulation. Signal-to-total-Harmonic Ratio (SHR) of
new method increases more than 30dB compare with ODT-PGC method under the condition of intensity modulation
coefficient is 0.4. Besides that, Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) also improves significantly.
An improved demodulation method for the phase-generated carrier (PGC) system by eliminating laser-intensity modulation (LIM) is proposed. The influence of LIM is analyzed theoretically and experimentally. Two parameters are used to describe the effect of LIM: the LIM coefficient (LIMC) and the LIM phase delay (LIMPD). Good stability of the LIMC and LIMPD is confirmed by experimentation with an actual system. The demodulation signal using the traditional method has a much greater higher harmonic component than the improved method due to LIM. The increase of the signal-to-total-harmonic ratio (SHR) using the improved method is >23 dB, and there is a corresponding improvement of 19 dB to the signal to noise and distortion (SINAD) and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). A new prototype system using the improved PGC method for marine seismic sensing capable of demodulating multiple channels in parallel, simultaneously, is demonstrated. The SHR is stable at 56 dB when the LIMC is <0.5. Similar results are obtained for the SINAD and SNR. The demodulated signal's upper limit is ~100 rad at 100 Hz and 12 rad at 1 kHz, giving a dynamic range reaching 130 dB at 100 Hz. The system's SINAD is stable within 1 dB, whereas the SHR is stable within 2 dB in field application.
A new demodulation method is proposed to eliminate the light intensity disturbance(LID) due to the Phase Generate Carrier(
PGC) modulation method for the optical marine seismometer which is based on the fiber interferometer. A look up table by
the use of a nonlinear function has been demonstrated. The experimental results show that the performance of the system has
been improved with the harmonic suppression ratio(HSR) of the demodulation results increasing 30dB and the dynamic range
of the system increasing 26dB, comparing with the Differential Cross-Multiplying(DCM) algorithm for the PGC method. The
new method approaches a dynamic range of 130dB@100Hz with the HSR more than 50dB.
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