The NEID spectrograph is a R ~ 120,000 resolution fiber-fed and highly stabilized spectrograph for extreme radial velocity (RV) precision. It is being commissioned at the 3.5 m WIYN telescope in Kitt Peak National Observatory with a desired instrumental precision of better than 30 cm s−1. NEID’s bandpass of 380 – 930 nm enables the simultaneous wavelength coverage of activity indicators from the Ca HK lines in the blue to the Ca IR triplet in the IR. In this paper we will present our efforts to characterize and mitigate optical ghosts in the NEID spectrograph during assembly, integration and testing, and highlight several of the dominant optical element contributors such as the cross dispersion prism and input optics. We shall present simulations of the 2-D spectrum and discuss the predicted ghost features on the focal plane, and how they may impact the RV performance for NEID. We also present the mitigation strategy adopted for each ghost which may be applied to future instrument designs. This work will enable other instrument builders to potentially avoid some of these issues, as well as outline mitigation strategies.
NEID is a radial velocity (RV) instrument including an ultra-stabilized fiber-fed spectrograph, installed in 2019 at the 3.5m WIYN telescope at Kitt Peak National Observatory. Accompanying it is a solar feed system built to supply the spectrograph with disk-integrated sunlight. Observing the Sun “as a star” is essential for developing and validating mitigation strategies for RV variations due to stellar activity and instrument systematics, thus enabling more-effective detections of lower-mass exoplanets. In this paper, we will detail the design of the NEID solar feed system and showcase early results addressing NEID systematics and solar RV variability.
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