Prof. Edwin Teo Profile

Prof. Edwin Teo

at Nanyang Technological Uni

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Publications (2)

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Proceedings Article | 9 May 2024 Presentation + Paper

Rotary haptic device solutions using a conical dielectric elastomer actuator

Leonardus Depari, Milan Shrestha, Edwin H. Teo

Proceedings Volume 12945, 1294507 (2024) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3011862

KEYWORDS: Dielectric elastomer actuators, Haptic technology, Analytic models, Prototyping, Film thickness, Fabrication, Silicon, Deformation, Control systems, Resistance

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The Dielectric Elastomer Actuator (DEA) has garnered significant attention as an emerging electromechanical transducer across a variety of applications, including soft robotics, artificial muscles, loudspeakers, and haptic devices, among others. Researchers have explored and fabricated diverse DEA configurations to enhance their actuation forces and responses. The conical DEA construction involves pre-stretching the elastomer layer using two concentric circular rings in an out-of-plane direction, enabling the device to expand further vertically upon electrical stimulation. This study focuses on configuring a conical DEA to produce adaptive haptic feedback for a rotary knob, a component commonly utilized in automotive interiors, such as radio volume or air conditioning controls. Traditional knob designs employ a coil spring with a fixed constant to deliver predefined torque feedback during rotation without any capability to offer different haptic feeling. To overcome this limitation, a conical DEA has been fabricated, integrated with a knob, and validated with an analytical model. By manipulating the driving voltage's amplitude, frequency, and waveform, the DEA-enhanced knob can generate varied torque profiles, offering distinct detents and tactile sensations. This innovative approach in automotive applications presents the opportunity to outfit the dashboard with a single knob for multiple functions, each with unique haptic performance.

Proceedings Article | 9 May 2024 Paper

Transparent stretchable compliant electrodes for hydrophobic substrates using PEDOT:PSS/PDMS composite ink

Milan Shrestha, Leonardus Depari, Abhinay Shreeram, Edwin H. Teo

Proceedings Volume 12945, 129450M (2024) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3010085

KEYWORDS: Dielectric elastomer actuators, Polydimethylsiloxane, Stretchable electrodes

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Recently, dielectric elastomers like polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and acrylic elastomers have become prevalent as foundational materials for wearable sensors and electroactive polymers. Nevertheless, a significant challenge in using these elastomers lies in their notably low surface energy, presenting issues for electrode deposition and adhesion. In applications like sensors and electroactive polymers (EAPs), it is essential to cover dielectric elastomer substrates with thin, stretchable electrodes. However, the low surface energy of these substrates complicates the production of a thin, uniform film using ink materials. Materials based on nanowires or metal vapor deposition exhibit poor adhesion to PDMS, easily peeling off and resulting in unreliability. Surface treatments, such as exposure to plasma and UV light, can temporarily elevate the surface energy of PDMS. However, this treated surface reverts to its original state within a few hours, forming a brittle surface layer prone to cracking when stretched. Notably, such treatments are ineffective for acrylic elastomers. To overcome these challenges, we have developed a viscous liquid composite ink consisting of PEDOT:PSS and PDMS (A/B). This ink can be easily applied to pristine PDMS substrates through methods like blade casting and screen printing. The coatings form a highly transparent and stretchable surface layer, acting as a compliant electrode. These coatings created using PEDOT:PSS/PDMS composite ink with Elastosil (PDMS) and 3M VHB 4910 as dielectric elastomers, result in transparent dielectric elastomer actuators. The actuation strain and breakdown fields are slightly lower than those in dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs) with conventional graphite electrodes. However, the self-cleaning capability of these PEDOT:PSS/PDMS composite electrodes provides an advantage over conventional electrodes, particularly in terms of resistance to localized dielectric breakdown of DEAs.

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