We have been developing an array-based DNA biosensor, in which DNA oligonucleotides are readily immobilized onto
Au surfaces via terminal thiol groups to serve as probes for the detection of oligonucleotides in solution. One common
strategy to minimize steric effects and non-specific oligonucleotide-surface interactions derived from a high surface
probe density employs thiol molecules as spacers. In this study, we tested nine different alkanethiol molecules with the
goal of identifying a relationship between the chemical structure of each molecule and its performance as a spacer
molecule. Among the nine different spacers, 4-mercapto-1-butanol and 1-decanethiol were found to yield the optimal
performance as spacers, while spacers with a bulky tert-butyl group or a ring structure (2-methyl-2-propanethiol,
cyclohexyl mercaptan and thiophenol) yielded poorer performance. Spacers with a short, branched carbon chain (1-
mercapto-2-propanol and 3-mercapto-1,2-propanediol) provided an intermediate performance. These results suggest that
DNA sensor response is highly sensitive to the chemical structure of the alkanethiol molecules that are employed as
spacer molecules.
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