The Advanced Technology Microwave Sounder (ATMS) is a new generation of microwave instrument for measuring atmospheric temperature and humidity profiles from satellites. It is being developed in the U.S. for the future operational weather satellite systems, called the National Polar- orbiting Operational Environment Satellite System (NPOESS). This paper presents some key design features of the ATMS, its essential characteristics, the expected performance, and program status.
The Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission (TRMM) satellite will carry with it a microwave radiometer called TRMM Microwave Imager (TMI). It is a five frequency, nine channel conical scanning microwave radiometer, operating at the frequencies of 10.65, 19.35, 21.3, 37.0, and 85.5 GHz. Each frequencies has both vertical and horizontal polarizations, except the 21.3 GHz channel, which has vertical polarization only. The TMI and a companion Precipitation Radar (PR) will provide the primary rainfall measurement capability of TRMM. A description of the TMI instrument will be given, its design features, mode of operation, and projected performance will be discussed.
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