Jiao Tong University Spectroscopic Telescope (JUST) is a 4.8-m composite spectroscopic telescope which integrates the high-resolution observation in a small field of view (FoV) with the spectral survey in a wide FoV. The primary mirror of JUST adopts the latest segmented mirror active optics technology, which is composed of 18 hexagonal segments with a diameter of 1.1 meters each. There are two Nasmyth focal stations which can be switched by rotating the tertiary mirror. One station with a 10 arcmin FoV diameter and its image quality (full width at half maximum, FWHM) can be below 0.35 arcsec with the error budgets, which is suitable for installing high-resolution spectroscopic and imaging instruments. The other station is equipped with the wide-field correctors, which can achieve a FoV diameter of scientific 1.2 degrees and correct atmospheric dispersion. The wide-field Nasmyth focal station operates at a wavelength band ranging from 0.35 to 1.3μm and for the zenith distance ranging from 0 to 60 degrees, the image quality (FWHM) falls within a 0.75 arcsec diameter with error budgets. It is used for broad observations and mainly used for wide-field spectroscopic survey of stars, galaxies, etc. This article will describe the optical system design, the baffle design and stray light analysis, error budget, and thermal effect of the telescope in detail.
Ultraviolet astronomical observations are significant for studying the early-type stars including O, B, A-type stars, white dwarfs, and central stars of planetary nebulae, which could have the strongest radiation in the ultraviolet region. Since ultraviolet astronomical observations are mainly carried out in space, this paper proposed several compact, light-weight and large-field ultraviolet astronomical optical systems for space observations, including refractive optical systems, catadioptric optical systems, off-axis three-mirror systems, and coaxial four-mirror systems. Combined with the optical designs, we discussed the characteristics of the designed systems, and the possibility for infrared observation by all reflective optics. In the paper, we introduced four compact optical designs: the 100 mm aperture F/2.5 refractive system with 12-degree field of view, the 100 mm aperture F/2.5 catadioptric system with 10-degree field of view, the 100 mm aperture F/3 off-axis three-mirror system with 10-degree field of view, the 100 mm aperture F/2 coaxial four-mirror system with 6-degree field of view. Optical performances and space adaptability of these designed telescopes are analyzed and compared in this paper.
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