Antimony trisulfide (Sb2S3) is an Earth abundant material that is transparent to visible and near infrared light (N-IR). Switching the material between amorphous and crystalline states causes radical property changes that deem it useful for programming the response of visible and N-IR photonics devices. We have demonstrated how Sb2S3 can be used to program high resolution micro-displays, dielectric metasurfaces, hyperbolic metamaterials, waveguides, and all-optical neural networks. This presentation will discuss these demonstrations and the underlying physics responsible for the phase transition in Sb2S3.
Chalcogenide phase change materials have many fascinating characteristics, i.e. extraordinarily large optical and electrical changes and non-volatility, making them appealing for information storage and reprogrammable photonics. Designing programmable photonics devices requires an accurate model to describe the switching behavior. Here, we present a multi-physics cellular automata-based framework which combines laser-induced heating, Gillespie’s Cellular Automata approach, effective medium theory and Fresnel’s Laws to model the microstructural evolution and concomitant optical response of phase change photonics devices. From the framework, we can simulate the change in optical constants during the phase switching process as well as the transient change in crystallite distribution, reflection, and transmission. The accuracy of the multi-physics model is also verified by nanosecond-pulsed laser switching experiments and transmission electron microscopy.
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