The European Extremely Large Telescope (ELT) is a first-of-its-kind project, putting together a range of unique engineering challenges. The performances of its mirror cells are particularly demanding, and their verification has required the development of innovative methodologies. This paper addresses the developed verification methodologies for the most critical performances of the Secondary and Tertiary Mirror Cells (M2 and M3) and the Fifth Mirror Cell (M5). Concerning the monolithic 4-meter class M2 and M3 Cells, that is the maximum surface error (SFE) allowed in operational conditions. The SFE due to manufacturing and integration tolerances is singularly complex to evaluate, and testing is required to ensure compliance of the Cell supports as built. Moreover, such testing must be performed with a non-reflective Dummy Mirror. Hence, a methodology to obtain the SFE from the forces measured on all Mirror supports was developed. The application of uncertainty reduction techniques was essential to obtain reliable conclusions. The M5 Cell supports the largest fast steering mirror (2.7 by 2.2 metres) ever employed in a telescope. The most challenging performances regarding dynamic response are its control bandwidth above 10 Hz, a phase lag below 30 degrees up to 4 Hz, and a cross-coupling below 1% between degrees of freedom. After investigations with an actuator prototype, a method based on application of optimised frequency sweep commands was selected. The test setup was designed to avoid artificial resonant modes, and dedicated postprocessing methods to extract the frequency response were developed. This paper describes in detail the SFE verification methodology for the M2 and M3 Cells, and the tip-tilt capability verification for the M5 Cell. The obtained test results are presented and discussed.
The European Extremely Large Telescope (ELT) construction1 is advancing and the M2, M3 and M5 cells are running the same path. The M22 and M3 mirrors are 4-meter class Zerodur® meniscus supported axially and laterally by mechanical whiffletrees. To allow low order corrections, axial support is provided with a warping harness system. Additionally, an electromechanical hexapod allows the movement in 5 degrees of freedom to optically align the telescope. The M2 Cell is ending the integration and test phase and approaching to the verification phase, where the highly demanding requirements will be checked. On the other hand, M3 cell is being assembled, taking advantage of the lessons learned during the M2 cell assembly. The M5 mirror is lightweighted silicon carbide elliptical flat mirror of 2.7 x 2.1 m², having the objective of folding the optical beams towards the Nasmyth platforms. Additionally, stabilizes the image movements induced by the telescope mechanisms and wind shaking vibrations. The M5 Cell is divided in two stages: the Tip-tilt and the Alignment Stage. The former allows to perform a fast-steering control while the latter provides active alignment capabilities to cope with the overall telescope structure misalignments The ELT M5 Cell is currently in the final design review, with qualification models for both stages successfully developed and tested. Preliminary results shown submicrometric resolutions for the Alignment Stage and around 5 nanometres for the Tip-Tilt Stage. This paper summarizes the design of the M2, M3 and M5 cells and presents its current development status.
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