The features of the formation of anomalous weather phenomena in the conditions of the current climate were studied, trends were determined, and the territory of their maximum changes was revealed. It was shown that at the beginning of the 21st century the number of anomalies increased by 2 times in the middle latitudes of Siberia, which may be due to a change in the type of atmospheric circulation caused by a decrease in the sea ice extent in the Arctic Ocean. Identification of the interannual variability of cyclones and anticyclones characteristics with manual tracking of surface synoptic maps for Siberia showed that during 2012-2017 there was a significant increase in the number of baric formations with their simultaneous intensification, which may be associated with increased weather instability. In addition, the number of positive anomalies of the meridional and zonal wind speed increased. The number of anomalies of specific humidity and air temperature, as well as negative anomalies of the components of wind speed, on the contrary, decreased. Analysis of the correlation coefficients showed that the beginning of the 21st century was characterized by significant changes in the linear relationship between abnormal weather phenomena and the characteristics of baric formations.
A comprehensive intercomparison of midlatitude storm characteristics is presented. Extratropical storm characteristics were derived from 16 reanalysis-based objective automated algorithms for cyclone identification and tracking from the IMILAST project and from manual method based on an expert inspection of weather charts. The analysis was carried out for the Siberian region (50–80N, 60–110E) for two seasons (winter of 2007/08 and summer of 2008). Most of the automated algorithms show 1.5–3 times more cyclones and 3–5 times more cyclone tracks in the Siberian region compare to the manual method. The algorithms show a good agreement with the manual method for spatial distribution of cyclones and tracks number with spatial correlation coefficient varies around 0.8–0.9 in summer and around 0.7–0.9 in winter for most of the algorithms. Two ranking measures were used to evaluate similarity of objective algorithms with the manual method.
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