Dr. Nicola D'Apuzzo Profile

Dr. Nicola D'Apuzzo

Technology Consultant at Hometrica Consulting

SPIE Involvement:

Author

Proceedings Article | 25 February 2008 Paper

3D monitoring of the intraoperative brainshift by means of photogrammetry

Nicola D'Apuzzo, Michael Verius

Proceedings Volume 6805, 68050Q (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.765252

KEYWORDS: Brain, 3D metrology, Neuroimaging, Image processing, 3D image processing, Photogrammetry, Automatic tracking, 3D modeling, Cameras, 3D acquisition

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Proceedings Article | 29 January 2007 Paper

3D body scanning technology for fashion and apparel industry

Nicola D'Apuzzo

Proceedings Volume 6491, 64910O (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.703785

KEYWORDS: 3D modeling, Scanners, 3D metrology, 3D scanning, Laser scanners, 3D image processing, Data modeling, Systems modeling, Head, Projection systems

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This paper presents an overview of 3D body scanning technologies with applications to the fashion and apparel industry. Complete systems for the digitization of the human body exist since more than fifteen years. One of the main users of this technology with application in the textile field was the military industry. In fact, body scanning technology is being successfully employed since many years in military bases for a fast selection of the correct size of uniforms for the entire staff. Complete solutions were especially developed for this field of application. Many different research projects were issued for the exploitation of the same technology in the commercial field. Experiments were performed and start-up projects are to time running in different parts of the world by installing full body scanning systems in various locations such as shopping malls, boutiques or dedicated scanning centers. Everything is actually ready to be exploited and all the required hardware, software and solutions are available: full body scanning systems, software for the automatic and reliable extraction of body measurements, e-kiosk and web solutions for the presentation of garments, high-end and low-end virtual-try-on systems. However, complete solutions in this area have still not yet found the expected commercial success. Today, with the on-going large cost reduction given by the appearance of new competitors, methods for digitization of the human body becomes more interesting for the fashion and apparel industry. Therefore, a large expansion of these technologies is expected in the near future. To date, different methods are used commercially for the measurement of the human body. These can be divided into three major distinguished groups: laser-scanning, projection of light patterns, combination modeling and image processing. The different solutions have strengths and weaknesses that profile their suitability for specific applications. This paper gives an overview of their differences and characteristics and expresses clues for the selection of the adequate method. A special interest is given to practical examples of the commercial exploitation of human body digitization with applications to the fashion and apparel industry.

Proceedings Article | 26 January 2006 Paper

Overview of 3D surface digitization technologies in Europe

Nicola D'Apuzzo

Proceedings Volume 6056, 605605 (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.650123

KEYWORDS: 3D metrology, 3D image processing, Lithium, Electronic imaging, Astatine, Tin, Laser applications, Laser scanners, Projection systems, Laser systems engineering

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Proceedings Article | 17 January 2005 Paper

Digitization of the human body in the present-day economy

Nicola D'Apuzzo

Proceedings Volume 5665, 56650Q (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.581305

KEYWORDS: Visualization, Image processing

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Proceedings Article | 10 January 2003 Paper

Human body motion capture from multi-image video sequences

Nicola D'Apuzzo

Proceedings Volume 5013, (2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.473089

KEYWORDS: Image processing, Video, Calibration, Cameras, 3D modeling, 3D image processing, Imaging systems, Detection and tracking algorithms, Systems modeling, 3D metrology

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In this paper is presented a method to capture the motion of the human body from multi image video sequences without using markers. The process is composed of five steps: acquisition of video sequences, calibration of the system, surface measurement of the human body for each frame, 3-D surface tracking and tracking of key points. The image acquisition system is currently composed of three synchronized progressive scan CCD cameras and a frame grabber which acquires a sequence of triplet images. Self calibration methods are applied to gain exterior orientation of the cameras, the parameters of internal orientation and the parameters modeling the lens distortion. From the video sequences, two kinds of 3-D information are extracted: a three-dimensional surface measurement of the visible parts of the body for each triplet and 3-D trajectories of points on the body. The approach for surface measurement is based on multi-image matching, using the adaptive least squares method. A full automatic matching process determines a dense set of corresponding points in the triplets. The 3-D coordinates of the matched points are then computed by forward ray intersection using the orientation and calibration data of the cameras. The tracking process is also based on least squares matching techniques. Its basic idea is to track triplets of corresponding points in the three images through the sequence and compute their 3-D trajectories. The spatial correspondences between the three images at the same time and the temporal correspondences between subsequent frames are determined with a least squares matching algorithm. The results of the tracking process are the coordinates of a point in the three images through the sequence, thus the 3-D trajectory is determined by computing the 3-D coordinates of the point at each time step by forward ray intersection. Velocities and accelerations are also computed. The advantage of this tracking process is twofold: it can track natural points, without using markers; and it can track local surfaces on the human body. In the last case, the tracking process is applied to all the points matched in the region of interest. The result can be seen as a vector field of trajectories (position, velocity and acceleration). The last step of the process is the definition of selected key points of the human body. A key point is a 3-D region defined in the vector field of trajectories, whose size can vary and whose position is defined by its center of gravity. The key points are tracked in a simple way: the position at the next time step is established by the mean value of the displacement of all the trajectories inside its region. The tracked key points lead to a final result comparable to the conventional motion capture systems: 3-D trajectories of key points which can be afterwards analyzed and used for animation or medical purposes.

Proceedings Article | 8 March 2002 Paper

Modeling human faces with multi-image photogrammetry

Nicola D'Apuzzo

Proceedings Volume 4661, (2002) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.460168

KEYWORDS: 3D modeling, Image processing, Calibration, Data modeling, Cameras, Photogrammetry, Visualization, Laser scanners, CCD cameras, Clouds

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Modeling and measurement of the human face have been increasing by importance for various purposes. Laser scanning, coded light range digitizers, image-based approaches and digital stereo photogrammetry are the used methods currently employed in medical applications, computer animation, video surveillance, teleconferencing and virtual reality to produce three dimensional computer models of the human face. Depending on the application, different are the requirements. Ours are primarily high accuracy of the measurement and automation in the process. The method presented in this paper is based on multi-image photogrammetry. The equipment, the method and results achieved with this technique are here depicted. The process is composed of five steps: acquisition of multi-images, calibration of the system, establishment of corresponding points in the images, computation of their 3-D coordinates and generation of a surface model. The images captured by five CCD cameras arranged in front of the subject are digitized by a frame grabber. The complete system is calibrated using a reference object with coded target points, which can be measured fully automatically. To facilitate the establishment of correspondences in the images, texture in the form of random patterns can be projected from two directions onto the face. The multi-image matching process, based on a geometrical constrained least squares matching algorithm, produces a dense set of corresponding points in the five images. Neighborhood filters are then applied on the matching results to remove the errors. After filtering the data, the three-dimensional coordinates of the matched points are computed by forward intersection using the results of the calibration process; the achieved mean accuracy is about 0.2 mm in the sagittal direction and about 0.1 mm in the lateral direction. The last step of data processing is the generation of a surface model from the point cloud and the application of smooth filters. Moreover, a color texture image can be draped over the model to achieve a photorealistic visualization. The advantage of the presented method over laser scanning and coded light range digitizers is the acquisition of the source data in a fraction of a second, allowing the measurement of human faces with higher accuracy and the possibility to measure dynamic events like the speech of a person.

Proceedings Article | 22 December 2000 Paper

Photogrammetric measurement of deformations of horse hoof horn capsules

Patrick Jordan, Jochen Willneff, Nicola D'Apuzzo, Michael Weishaupt, Thomas Wistner, Joerg Auer

Proceedings Volume 4309, (2000) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.410886

KEYWORDS: Cameras, Calibration, Aluminum, 3D metrology, Sensors, Surgery, Photogrammetry, CCD cameras, Image acquisition, Imaging systems

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Proceedings Article | 22 December 2000 Paper

Photogrammetric measurement and visualization of blood vessel branching casting: a tool for quantitative accuracy tests of MR, CT, and DS angiography

Nicola D'Apuzzo

Proceedings Volume 4309, (2000) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.410893

KEYWORDS: Blood vessels, Angiography, 3D modeling, Visualization, Clouds, Cameras, Computed tomography, Calibration, CCD cameras, Process modeling

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Proceedings Article | 14 December 1998 Paper

Modeling human bodies from video sequences

Nicola D'Apuzzo, Ralph Plaenkers, Pascal Fua, Armin Gruen, Daniel Thalmann

Proceedings Volume 3641, (1998) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.333796

KEYWORDS: Solid modeling, Motion models, Data modeling, Video, Image processing, Detection and tracking algorithms, Cameras, Skin, Calibration, Matrices

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Proceedings Article | 14 December 1998 Paper

Suitability of digital camcorders for virtual reality image data capture

Nicola D'Apuzzo, Hans-Gerd Maas

Proceedings Volume 3641, (1998) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.333790

KEYWORDS: Cameras, Video, CCD cameras, Digital imaging, Virtual reality, Frame grabbers, Machine vision, RGB color model, Image acquisition, Photogrammetry

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Showing 5 of 10 publications

Conference Committee Involvement (3)

Videometrics, Range Imaging, and Applications XII

14 May 2013 | Munich, Germany

Videometrics, Range Imaging, and Applications

25 May 2011 | Munich, Germany

Videometrics, Range Imaging, and Applications X

2 August 2009 | San Diego, California, United States

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