Non-contact anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are serious and debilitating, often resulting from the performance
of evasive sides-stepping (Ssg) by team sport athletes. Previous laboratory based investigations of evasive Ssg have used
generic visual stimuli to simulate realistic time and space constraints that athletes experience in the preparation and
execution of the manoeuvre. However, the use of unrealistic visual stimuli to impose these constraints may not be
accurately identifying the relationship between the perceptual demands and ACL loading during Ssg in actual game
environments. We propose that stereoscopically filmed footage featuring sport specific opposing defender/s simulating a
tackle on the viewer, when used as visual stimuli, could improve the ecological validity of laboratory based
investigations of evasive Ssg. Due to the need for precision and not just the experience of viewing depth in these
scenarios, a rigorous filming process built on key geometric considerations and equipment development to enable a
separation of 6.5 cm between two commodity cameras had to be undertaken. Within safety limits, this could be an
invaluable tool in enabling more accurate investigations of the associations between evasive Ssg and ACL injury risk.
Visualisation is a powerful tool for understanding the large data sets
typical of astronomical surveys and can reveal unsuspected
relationships and anomalous regions of parameter space which may be
difficult to find programatically. Visualisation is a classic
information technology for optimising scientific return. We are
developing a number of generic on-line visualisation tools as a
component of the Australian Virtual Observatory project. The tools
will be deployed within the framework of the International Virtual
Observatory Alliance (IVOA), and follow agreed-upon standards to make
them accessible by other programs and people. We and our IVOA
partners plan to utilise new information technologies (such as grid
computing and web services) to advance the scientific return of
existing and future instrumentation.
Here we present a new tool - VOlume - which visualises point data.
Visualisation of astronomical data normally requires the local
installation of complex software, the downloading of potentially large
datasets, and very often time-consuming and tedious data format
conversions. VOlume enables the astronomer to visualise data using
just a web browser and plug-in. This is achieved using IVOA standards
which allow us to pass data between Web Services, Java Servlet
Technology and Common Gateway Interface programs. Data from a
catalogue server can be streamed in eXtensible Mark-up Language format
to a servlet which produces Virtual Reality Modeling Language output.
The user selects elements of the catalogue to map to geometry and then
visualises the result in a browser plug-in such as
Cortona or FreeWRL.
Other than requiring an input VOTable format file, VOlume is very
general. While its major use will likely be to display and explore
astronomical source catalogues, it can easily render other important
parameter fields such as the sky and redshift coverage of proposed
surveys or the sampling of the visibility plane by a
rotation-synthesis interferometer.
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