Mr. Robert A. Uzenoff Profile

Robert A. Uzenoff

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Proceedings Article | 28 March 2013 Paper

Analysis of individual variability and habituation in stereoscopic radiography

Yasuko Unno, Takao Kuwabara, Robert Uzenoff, Nobutaka Natsui, Kazuo Ishikawa

Proceedings Volume 8673, 86730X (2013) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2006650

KEYWORDS: Visibility, Visualization, Medical imaging, Mammography, Eye, Image fusion, Radiography, 3D vision, Tumors, Breast

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In our previous stereoscopic image for medical use research, we reported that observers found it is easier to identify target objects in stereoscopic images than in two dimensional images, however, we found that mental and visual fatigue levels are equivalent in viewing the stereoscopic and the two dimensional images. We reported that a number of users dislike the sensations accompanying stereoscopic vision. Hence, we studied personal variation of stereoscopic visibility and the training effect for the stereoscopic visibility in this research. Simulated images, in which prepared calcifications were arranged at parallactic angles between ±2° to ±15° at object heights from 40 to 80mm, were displayed on a stereoscopic 3D display. Seven observers were selected to judge the achievement of stereoscopic vision (stereopsis) and their visibility was determined. The observers were asked to point the stereoscopic cursor of the 3D mammography viewer at the simulated calcifications and the accuracy rates were determined. Subsequently, re-examination was implemented after 3D visual training for 15 to 20 minutes per day for two weeks, and the visibility and accuracy rates were measured again. We found individual differences in the parallactic angles at which stereopsis was realized. Moreover, the parallactic angles of stereopsis widened through training and the average visibility improved from 69% to 84% as the result of training. Furthermore, the average accuracy rates improved from 53% to 60% the accuracy of depth commands improved. This suggests that observers who are weak in stereoscopic vision can be trained to be better at stereoscopic viewing.

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