In this work, the LED applicator brightness control unit of the digital diaphanoscope was upgraded, which allows adjusting of the radiation power value in a wide range for patient’s study, considering anatomical and gender features.
In this paper the optical properties of the purulent content of the maxillary sinuses were obtained by spectrophotometry. Based on the obtained absorption and reduced scattering coefficients, a numerical simulation by Monte Carlo method was performed to determine the pattern of light scattering passing through the maxillary sinus with purulent contents. The results of the simulation showed that in transillumination methods for the detection of purulent pathological changes, it is more informative to use the radiation sources with 980 nm.
Digital diaphanoscopy method has potential to separate normal and pathological conditions of the maxillary sinuses. The entirety of all the features of the investigated area (the presence or absence of pathology, its etiology and morphological features) affects the resulting images of the maxillary sinuses by the digital diaphanoscopy. In this work, the MonteCarlo numerical simulation method was used to determine the patterns of propagation of light radiation in biological tissue. A biologically heterogeneous environment, represented by structures of the skull and maxillary sinuses, as well as pathological changes in them was modelled in the TracePro software.
The digital diaphanoscopy method seems promising for solving one of the urgent problems of modern otolaryngology, which is associated with providing accurate, painless and timely diagnosis of pathologies of the maxillary sinuses. Optical properties of the study area and their changes for different anatomical and gender features and pathologies presence determine the results of digital diaphanoscopy. Adjusting the parameters of the probing and measuring parts of digital diaphanoscopy devices taking into account these factors is important task to obtain similar light scattering patterns for different patients and the possibility of their subsequent comparison.
This paper presents the improved numerical model of the maxillary sinuses. The developed model considered the maxillary sinuses sizes, their location and asymmetry, various thicknesses of bone and soft tissues, size and localization of pathology (cystic fluid and tumor). The cross-sectional face model was more detailed and considered the curvature of the face. Simulation was carried out at various positioning of radiation source relative to the study area and detector. Additionally, the various rotation angles of the study area with radiation source relative to the detector were considered. The attenuation of probe radiation intensity at the detector was estimated using the Monte Carlo method in the TracePro (Lambda Software) for visible and near-IR wavelengths at the different intensity values.
The correlations between model signal and anatomical features of the study area, and the changes of the study area position were identified. It was established that registration of light scattering patterns at different position is important parameter for more accurate evaluation of the maxillary sinuses state and the localization of pathologies. The threshold values of the probe radiation intensity and the optimal study positions, which provide the optimal signal-to-noise ratio of the detectable signals, were identify.
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